DEVELOPMENTS OF YEAR 1910. 311 
THE DEVELOPMENTS OF THE YEAR 1910. 
At the beginning of the year 1910 the statement was made that if 
the parasites maintained the rate of progress which was then indi- 
cated by the results of the recent field work, the year 1916 would see 
the triumphant conclusion of the experiment and the automatic con- 
trol of the gipsy moth through parasitism. This prophecy was also 
dependent upon the measurable success of the importation work 
which was planned for 1910. 
The importations of 1910 were disappointing, and did not result in 
the colonization of the few parasites which have not yet been liberated 
in America under satisfactory conditions. Neither has the progress 
of the parasites in the field been quite as satisfactory as was hoped 
and expected. 
The failure of Schedius to demonstrate as clearly as might be 
wished its ability to survive the winter was the first unfavorable 
development in 1910. Recovery of Apanteles fulvipes, while not 
expected, was hoped for, and although its nonrecovery can not be 
considered as surely indicative of its mability to establish itself here, 
it is none the less disquieting. Discovery of the error in identity 
which had resulted in misapprehensions concerning the status of 
Tricholyga grandis was a serious blow to expectations concerning the 
future of this species. Most serious of all was the nonrecovery of the 
important brown-tail moth parasite, Parexorista cheloni#, which was 
considered to be thoroughly well established at the close of the sea- 
son of 1909. Similarly, the failure of Monodotomerus to increase in 
efficiency to the extent which was expected, was viewed with appre- 
hension, as possibly indicative of what might result with others of 
the imported species. 
To offset these several and various reverses was the unexpectedly 
satisfactory Increase in abundance and dispersion of Calosoma. 
Anastatus did better than was expected in the matter of increase in 
numbers and in effectiveness and slightly better in dispersion. Bleph- 
aripa was recovered, when recovery was not expected so soon follow- 
ing its liberation, and Compsilura was considerably more abundant, 
and promised more efficient assistance than had been hoped for. 
Among the brown-tail moth parasites, Apanteles gave evidences 
of a more rapid increase and wider dispersion than was expected, 
and Meteorus was also unexpectedly abundant over a limited area, 
and later showed evidence of rapid dispersion. The recovery of 
Zygobothra nidicola, after its disappearance for two or three years, 
was the most satisfactory and unexpected of the favorable results of 
the season’s field work until the recovery of Pteromalus in the fall 
and during the winter. Although this latter is not an important 
parasite, its nonestablishment was practically conceded, and the 
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