88 Miscellaneous Circular 13, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. 
174. Black Brant (Brania nigricans). 
Range.—Western North America. Breeds on the Arctic coast and islandsfrom Point Barrow east to 
near mouth of Anderson River, north probably to Melville Island; common on Siberian coast, Chukchi 
Peninsula, and westto New Siberian Islands; winters on the Pacific coast from British Columbia south 
to San Quintin Bay, Lower California,intheinterior of Oregonand Nevada, and on the Asiatic coast south 
to Japan; recorded as 2 straggler to Massachusetts, New York, and New Jersey. 
Vernacular names.—In general use: Black brant; brant. Jn local use: China goose 
(Oreg.); Eskimo goose (Calif.); sea brant (Oreg., Calii.). 
Book name.—Biack sea brant. 
175. Barnacle Goose (Brania leucopsis). 
Range—wN orthern part ofthe Old World. Breedsin northern part of Eastern Hemisphere as far north 
as Spitzbergen ; wintersin Great Britain and western Europe, occurring south to Spain; occursin Iceland, 
and in migration on both coasts of Greenland; recorded from Ungava, Ontario, Quebec, Vermont, 
Massachusetts, New York, and North Carolina. 
Names.—This bird has no specia lappellations in America; in Great Britain it is 
known as bar goose, barnacle goose, and clakis; and in France as bernache, or oie 
bernache (barnacle goose), and oie nonnette (nun goose). 
176. Emperor Goose (Philacte canagica). 
Range—Coasts of Alaska. Breedsirom Kotzebue Sound south to mouth of Kuskokwim, on St. Law- 
rence Island,and also on Chukchi Peninsula, Siberia, near East Cape; wintersfrom the Commander and 
Near Islands cast through the Aleutians to Bristol Bay and Sitka; casualin British Columbia and Cali- 
fornia; accidentalin Hawaii. 
Names.—Beach goose (Alaska); painted goose; white-headed goose. 
177. Black-bellied Tree-duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis). 
Range.—Southern Texas, Mexico,and CentralAmerica. Breedsfrom Corpus Christi, Tex., to Mazatlan, 
Mexico, and Panama; winters from central Mexicoto Panama; accidentalin Arizona and Jamaica. 
Names.—Autumnal tree-duck, cornfield duck, long-legged duck, summer duck. 
The last three are said to be in vernacuiar use in Texas. 
178. Fulvous Tree-duck (Dendrocygna bicolor). 
Range.—Southwestern United States and Mexico, southern Uruguay and Argentina, South Africa, and 
India. Breedsfrom central California, middle western Nevada, southern Arizona, and southeastern Texas 
south to the Valley of Mexico and Michoacan; winters from central California and central Texas to 
southern Mexico; casualin Louisiana; accidentalin British Columbia, Washington, Missouri, and North 
Carolina. 
VERNACULAR NAMES. 
In general use.—Long-legged duck. 
In local use.—Cornfield duck (Tex.); Mexican duck (Tex., Calif.); Mexican squealer 
(Tex.); Mexican wood duck, squealer (Calif.); summer duck (Tex.); tee-kee, yankee 
duck, yellow-bellied fiddler duck (La.); wood duck (Calii.). 
Geographic index —Cali7., Mexican duck, Mexican wood duck, squealer, wood 
duck; La., tee-kee, yankee duck, yvellow-bellied fiddler duck; Tezr., cornield duck, 
Mexican duck, Mexican squealer, summer duck. 
BOOK NAMES. 
Brown tree-duck, fulvous-bellied tree-duck, rufous long-legged duck, Spanish 
cavalier. 
Subfamily CyGNInaE: Swans. 
179. Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus }°). 
Range.—Northern part ofthe Old World. Breedsin northern Furope and Asia, including Iceland, and 
formerly was not rare in Greenland, where it still occurs as an occasional Visitant; winters from Great 
Britain and southeastern Europe as far south as Lgypt and China. 
Names.—English names are elk, hooper, whistling swan, whooper, whooping swan, 
and wild swan; and French names, cygne (swan) and cygne tuberculé (tubercled 
swan). 
180. Whistling Swan (Cygnus columbianus **¢). 
Range.—North America. Breeds from northern Alaska south to Becharof Lake, Alaska Peninsula, 
and on Arcticislands from about latitude 74° south to northern Mackenzie (N. W. T.) and northwestern 
Hudson Bay ;in migration occurs west to Bering Island; winterson the Pacific coast from southern British 
Columbia, rarely south to southern California, andin theinterior from Lake Erie and southern Illinois to 
coast of Louisiana and Texas, and on Atlantic coast from Delaware and Maryland to South Carolina 
rarely north to Massachusetts and south to Florida; casualin northern Mexico; accidental in Scotland 
and Bermuda. 
Vernacular names.—In general use: Swan, wild swan. In local use: Cygne (swan) 
(Que., La.); hoopers (N. C.); tohwah (Indian name) (Alaska); whistling swan (N. Y., 
Alta., Wash.); white swan (Del., Alta.). 
16b Olor cygnus. 16¢ Olor coiu7.vianus. 
