44 SPERMATOGENESIS AND FECUNDATION OF ZAMIA. 
open cytoplasmic mass, and it is in these light polar areas that the 
daughter nuclei are finally organized. The blepharoplasts lie entirely 
outside of these light areas a considerable distance from the pole of 
the spindle. This can be observed more clearly by examining figure 34, 
which is an enlarged section taken out of cell photographed in figure 62. 
It will be noticed here that the spindle fibers come to a focus in the 
lower part of the figure. If now a centrosome or centrosphere of an 
ordinary kind was present it should be located where the spindle fibers 
come toa focus. This location, however, is occupied by no body which 
could be considered to be a centrosome. A most careful examination 
of the protoplasmic structure has been made at this stage of division 
and no connection can be discovered between the spindle and the 
blepharoplast. The radiations from the blepharoplast are, as in the 
preceding stage, rather inconspicuous and seem to be merely due to 
the arrangement of the reticulum. Between the ends of such radia- 
tions as can be observed and the pole of the spindle lies the hemis- 
pherical mass of polar cytoplasm, in which the reticulum presents a 
totally different appearance from that of the other cytoplasmic areas. 
The protoplasm here is made up of a loose, open reticulum, in which 
individual threads may be frequently observed to run for a consider- 
able distance in the same plane. ‘The spindle fibers run into this mass — 
and end rather abruptly, not extending up into it. The spindle fibers 
can not be confounded with the fibers of the reticulum. There can be 
no doubt that no fibers run from the spindle to the blepharoplast in 
any sense in which the spindle fibers focus on a centrosome or centro- 
sphere when such an organ is present. The spindle formation and 
structure were not investigated in much detail by Ikeno and Hirase; 
but this same peculiarity of structure would seem to be present also in 
the plants they studied. Hirase’s figure 18 (62) clearly shows that the 
radiations from the blepharoplast do not connect with those from the 
spindle, and the pole of the spindle is illustrated as having an entirely 
separate aster, in the center of which a centrosome should be located 
if any such organ is present. This is not so clearly shown by Ikeno’s 
figure 3, but in his figure 25a (70), where the nucleus is in an anaphase 
of division, the blepharoplast is very distant from the pole of the 
spind’e. . 
The structure of the blepharoplast of Zamza in this anaphase is also 
particularly interesting. The outer membrane is still observed to be 
split up into a number of segments. The membrane itself in cross 
section when very carefully examined seems to be made up of numer- 
ous granules of comparatively the same diameter placed side by side 
and making up the membrane. ‘This structure is particularly interest- 
ing in connection with what follows when the membrane is broken 
up and appears merely as a group of numerous granules. 
The contents of the blepharoplast, so far as the stainable matter is 
