DISCOVERY OF GLACIATED BOULDERS. 157 



feet thick. The matrix in which the boulders are imbedded con- 

 sists of fine shale, gritty in places, of a reddish-purple to purplish- 

 brown colour, and bearing a remarkable general resemblance to 

 some of the glacial shales in the Bacchus Marsh District of Vic- 

 toria. The last mentioned, as is well known, contain such plant 

 fossils as Gangamopteris spathulata, McCoy, which admits of their 

 being provisionally correlated with the Permo-Carboniferous 

 ■Glacial beds of N. S. Wales. The association, however, of the 

 Triassic plant Schizoneura with the uppermost of the Glacial beds 

 at Bacchus Marsh suggests that the latest of those beds may be 

 referred perhaps to Triassic time. It was chiefly the close resem- 

 blance of the Lochinvar beds to those of Bacchus Marsh that led 

 me to search the former for glacial pebbles. Upwards, the glacial 

 beds at Lochinvar pass into ripple-marked, soft, flaggy sandstones, 

 containing marine fossils of Lower Marine Age. Traced down- 

 wards the glacial beds are found to rest on hard tuffs which at a 

 still lower level are seen to be interstratified with tuffaceous felsitic 

 shales containing Rhacopteris. I propose, provisionally, to draw 

 the line for the base of the Permo-Carboniferous System at the 

 base of these glacial beds and at the top of the hard tuffs. The 

 latter I propose for the present to consider as the top beds of the 

 Carboniferous System. The change in the lithological character 

 of the rocks on either side of this line is certainly very strongly 

 marked : and there also appears to be a marked change of dip 

 which lessens from 18° in the Carboniferous tuffs to 10° in the 

 Glacial beds. 



As regards the included boulders in the Glacial beds they vary 

 in size from a few inches up to about two feet. The boulders 

 consist of quartzite, sandstone, argillite, granite, diorite, greenish 

 felsitic (1) rocks, serpentine etc. Perhaps from five to ten per 

 cent., more or less, were originally glaciated, but owing to redis- 

 tribution and attrition in probably shallow sea water it is excep- 

 tional to find boulders which have retained well defined grooves 

 or striae. The boulders vary from angular to rounded, and unlike 

 those at Branxton and Grasstree, these exhibit distinct grooves 



