THE GARGANEY. 287 



verse on lower-breast ; sides of body and flanks white with numerous 

 strong wavy bars of black ; lower flanks broadly tipped grey ; 

 belly and vent white with wavy bars and frecklings of dusky-brown 

 (sometimes belly white) ; under tail- coverts white with oval spots of 

 sepia in some coalescing to form bars ; axillaries white ; under wing- 

 coverts white, those at edge of wing and lesser ones sepia ; tail- 

 feathers sepia narrowly edged white, outer often and sometimes 

 middle ones with irregular markings and tips of buff ; primaries 

 sepia, paler on inner webs ; secondaries light sepia broadly tipped 

 white, outer ones with outer webs pale lavender-grey, middle ones 

 with outer webs dull green, innermost olive -brown, on outer webs 

 blackish-green edged white, one bordering speculum tinged pale 

 green-grey on outer web ; primary- coverts sepia, inner ones more 

 or less pale grey on outer webs ; bastard-wing pale sepia ; greater 

 coverts pale mouse-grey broadly tipped white, inner ones suffused 

 pale lavender -grey, and narrowly tipped white, innermost with 

 inner webs sepia ; rest of wing-coverts pale lavender -grey, when 

 fresh faintly edged whitish-grey. This plumage is acquired by a 

 body-moult (apparently tail is moulted again) also innermost 

 secondaries Aug. to Feb., exceptionally March. 



Adult male. Eclipse. — The body-feathers are first moulted 

 followed by wings and tail June to Aug. Distinguished from adult 

 female by lavender-grey wing-coverts and from juvenile male by 

 innermost secondaries and broader white tips to greater coverts 

 (juvenile has wing-coverts duller, under-parts mottled and typical 

 juvenile tail). Crown, nape, mantle, scapulars and upper tail- 

 coverts as in female, but upper tail-coverts often with a V-shaped 

 buff bar but not barred or freckled cream ; back and rump olive- 

 brown, feathers edged olive -grey ; under-parts as adult female but 

 feathers of sides of body and flanks usually with a white mark 

 speckled dusky along shafts, or with irregular broad barrings of 

 white speckled dusky ; tail and wing as winter and summer male, 

 but innermost secondaries with square or slightly rounded, instead 

 of pointed, tips. 



Adult female. Eclipse. — Crown black-brown, feathers edged 

 cinnamon -buff ; nape ash-brown ; remaining upper-parts dark 

 sepia, scapulars, back and rump tinged olive, feathers edged light 

 buff, upper tail-coverts sometimes freckled or with irregular bar of 

 cream ; spot on lores cream-white, more or less well-defined sepia 

 streak from above lores through eye, and above it from back of eye 

 to nape an irregular white streak ; cheeks, sides of neck and fore- 

 neck light buff, narrowly streaked black-brown ; chin and throat 

 white ; feathers of upper-breast, sides of body and flanks sepia 

 broadly fringed white or light buff, sepia centres partially obscured 

 on breast ; centre of breast, belly and vent white usually with 

 numerous oval spots, marks, or streaks of sepia, concealed by long 

 white fringes but usually more or less apparent on belly and vent ; 

 under tail-coverts white with oval and irregular V-shaped markings 

 or streaks of sepia ; tail as male ; wing as male but speculum with. 



