THE WIGEON. 293 



an odd feather black-brown) with strong and numerous transverse 

 pink-buff or pink- cinnamon bars, feathers narrowly edged same or 

 whitish, in the grey type with deep olive-grey edges; scapulars 

 brown-black or sepia with pink-buff or pink-cinnamon edges and 

 bars, never apparently with broad cinnamon edges characteristic of 

 eclipse ; new feathers of rump and upper tail-coverts black-brown 

 with crescent shaped or transverse buff or white bars and edged 

 whitish or pink-cinnamon ; new feathers of upper-breast and sides 

 of breast in some with subterminal black-brown bars ; new flank- 

 feathers as eclipse, in some with indefinite black-brown bars or 

 markings ; new tail-feathers as winter, but in some irregularly 

 marked buff ; new innermost secondaries black-brown with irregular 

 longitudinal light pink-cinnamon markings (variegated with black) 

 and narrowly edged same. Plain type has feathers of upper-parts 

 with fewer and usually incomplete bars. 



Nestling. — Upper-parts similar to Mallard but sepia or black- 

 brown without olivaceous tinge, down-filaments cinnamon-buff 

 instead of yellowish, wing-bar, and patches (often ill- defined) on 

 either side of centre of back and rump cinnamon-buff ; eye-stripe, 

 cheeks and sides of neck suffused pale cinnamon-brown ; line 

 through eye absent but in some a darker streak extending from 

 lores to below eye ; chin and throat cream or cinnamon-buff ; fore- 

 neck suffused cinnamon- buff or pale cinnamon- brown ; remaining 

 under-parts cream-buff. 



Juvenile. Male. — In general appearance resembling adult 

 female but distinguished at once by wing-coverts. Head and neck 

 as adult female ; mantle usually darker, feathers of mantle and 

 scapulars with narrower edges and bars ; bars not so pronounced 

 as in adult winter-summer female and sometimes absent* ; lowest 

 scapulars with narrower white tips often freckled dusky ; under- 

 parts as adult female but sometimes belly and vent barred and 

 spotted dusky ; tail-feathers sepia narrowly edged white or light 

 buff ; wing as adult female, in some outer secondaries with outer 

 webs bordered black, in some green speculum absent, outer webs of 

 middle secondaries being black or blackish-grey in some lights with 

 a greenish gloss ; innermost secondaries olive-brown, outer webs 

 tinged dull greenish-black and with a buff or white edge ; greater 

 coverts ash-brown or with outer web white and inner web greyish- 

 white, with dull black tips and often a subterminal buff or white bar, 

 or ash-brown with broad white tips ; innermost as innermost 

 secondaries ; median coverts vary greatly, in some ash-brown clouded 

 buff and tipped drab-grey or greyish- white and with dark shafts, some 

 white irregularly marked ash-brown (very distinct from those of 

 adult female which have broad pure white edges) ; lesser coverts and 

 coverts of bend of wing dark ash-brown, latter sometimes narrowly 



* As in adult $ there are two types, one barred and one with mantle 

 more uniform ; a rarer variety has feathers of centre of upper-mantle dark 

 ash-grey with olive -grey edges and indefinite whitish f recklings and vermicu- 

 lations. 



