THE KING-EIDER. 365 



but lighter ; cheeks lighter, line through eye indistinct ; chin, 

 throat and under -parts pale ashy- white ; down of upper -breast 

 dusky-brown towards base ; loral and frontal feathering as in adult 

 female. 



Juvenile. Male. — Like juvenile 8. m. mollissima but head and 

 neck lighter, upper-parts and wing-coverts more broadly edged 

 deeper buff, under-parts lighter. Crown heavily streaked black- 

 brown, feathers edged light buff ; sides of face same but streaks 

 narrower ; nape ash-brown, feathers tipped light buff ; upper- 

 parts as in S. m. mollissima but lighter, feathers more broadly edged 

 warm or cinnamon-buff ; chin, throat, sides of neck and fore-neck 

 ashy-white suffused light buff and more or less spotted or streaked 

 dusky ; upper -breast, sides of body and flanks and under tail- 

 coverts pale ashy with subterminal bars or shadings of sepia or 

 dusky and tipped warm buff ; rest of under-parts ash -brown or 

 drab, feathers more or less barred dusky or black-brown and mostly 

 shading to buff at tips ; tail-feathers as in adult female but mostly 

 edged warm buff at tip ; wing as in adult female but secondaries 

 black-brown or sepia, paler on inner webs, in some whitish tips 

 faintly indicated, innermost and coverts edged cinnamon-buff ; 

 greater coverts as secondaries, in some tipped buff-white or more 

 or less edged buff ; rest of wing-coverts as upper-parts but bastard 

 coverts at edge and bend of wing, innermost median and lesser 

 coverts only faintly edged buff. Female. — As male but speculum 

 lighter, back and rump in some more broadly edged buff. 



First winter. Male. — Feathers of crown and upper-part of 

 nape bistre-brown or snuff-brown more or less barred blackish at 

 tip ; loral feathering and cheeks black-brown, more or less tipped 

 and barred lighter brown ; nape, sides of neck, chin, throat and 

 fore-neck blackish, feathers with whitish bases ill-concealed on 

 throat ; a black V more or less distinct on chin and throat ; a few 

 new scapulars and flank-feathers tipped buff-brown are also 

 acquired. Moult, which is confined to head, neck, sometimes scapu- 

 lars, and flanks, commences in Nov. First summer. — No line can 

 be drawn between these plumages. Distinguished from S. m. 

 mollissima in similar plumage by black scapulars and different 

 juvenile under-parts. Feathers of crown, upper-part of nape and 

 sides of neck as first winter ; in some crown and upper-part of nape 

 more or less intermixed with pearl -grey feathers, rest of nape white, 

 feathers tipped blackish ; new feathers of upper -mantle white, 

 more or less broadly tipped black, those of mantle, scapulars, sides 

 of body, flanks, upper and under tail -coverts black as in adult, 

 sides of rump intermixed with white feathers ; a black patch under 

 eye ; cheeks as in first winter, sometimes intermixed with whitish 

 feathers tipped blackish, sometimes tinged green in front of eye ; 

 lower part of loral feathering and chin whitish ; an irregular and ill- 

 defined brown-black V-shaped mark on chin and throat, feathers 

 tipped white or buff ; throat and fore-neck white, feathers tipped 

 dusky-brown or blackish ; rest of sides of neck as nape ; upper- 



