504 A PRACTICAL HANDBOOK OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



Distribution. — British Isles. — Rare vagrant. Over twenty Eng- 

 land, one Wales, three Scotland, one doubtful Ireland. Has been 

 recorded Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, Dorset, Wilts., Hants, (two 

 or three), Surrey, Kent (three), Essex, Norfolk (four), Cambs., 

 Lines., Yorks. (three), Lanes., Cumberland, Brecon (one seen), Unst 

 (Shetlands), Montrose (Forfar), Flannan Isles (O. Hebrides). One 

 supposed Cork prior to 1844. 



Distribution. — Abroad. — South Europe and north Africa, east- 

 wards to Palestine, Black and Caspian Seas, to Turkestan and Sind ; 

 northwards (in Europe) to the Camargue in south France and 

 Hungary. Stragglers have occurred in Austria, Poland, Germany, 

 Denmark, Holland, and Belgium. Northern birds are migratory 

 and seem to winter in north Africa. Accidental Madeira and 

 Canaries. Replaced by allied races in tropical and south Africa. 



GLAREOLA NORDMANNI 



369. Glareola nordmanni Nordm. — THE BLACK- WINGED 

 PRATINCOLE. 



Glareola nordmanni " Fischer," Nordmann, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. 

 Moscou, xv, p. 314, pi. 2 (1842 — Steppes of south Russia). 

 Glareola melanoptera Nordmann, N. F. Ticehurst, Bull. B.O.C., xin, p. 78 ; 

 Saunders, Brit. B., 1, p. 15. 



Description. — Adult male and female. Winter. — Coloration as in 

 G. p. pratincola but nape, ear-coverts and sides of neck cinnamon- 

 brown, feathers of crown, nape, ear-coverts, cheeks and sides of 

 neck edged buff, those of mantle and scapulars faintly edged buff ; 

 axillaries and under wing-coverts black ; secondaries black with a 

 dull green gloss and with no white tips ; innermost secondaries as 

 mantle. This plumage is acquired by complete moult from autumn 

 to Dec. Summer. Male. — The body-feathers (not all tail-coverts), 

 sometimes tail-feathers, some innermost secondaries and coverts, 

 some median and lesser coverts but not rest of wings are moulted 

 in spring. Coloration as winter but feathers of crown, nape, ear- 

 eoverts, cheeks and sides of neck without buff edges ; chin and 

 throat light buff deepening to warm buff at sides and without black- 

 brown streaks as winter (chin sometimes white), in front of eye a 

 small black patch from which a black line encircling throat as in 

 G. p. pratincola, a black line (broader than in G. p. pratincola) from 

 anterior corner of eye across lores to opening of nares. Female. — 

 As male but black line from anterior border of eye extends only a 

 little way beyond angle of mouth. 



Nestling. — (Not examined.) 



Juvenile. — Coloration as G. p. pratincola but axillaries and 

 under wing-coverts black, latter tipped chestnut ; tail-feathers as 

 in G. p. pratincola, two outer pairs much shorter, rounder and 

 broader than in adult and not so sharply emarginated, secondaries 



