THE KNOT. 565 



narrow groove. Tail square or nearly so, seldom much graduated, 

 middle pair mostly produced beyond rest, tail often slightly 

 emarginated laterally. Hind toe developed. Females mostly with 

 longer bills and sometimes generally larger than males. About 

 20 species in nearly all parts of Globe. 



Key to species of genus Calidris. 



, /Wing over 150 mm C. canutus, p. 565 



\ Wing under 1 50 mm 2 



~ /Tibia covered by feathers to tibio-tarsal joint . C. maritima, p. 590 



\ Lower part of tibia not covered by feathers 3 



„ /Upper tail -co verts chiefly or entirely white . 4 



\ Upper tail-coverts dark brown or black . 5 

 . /Bill over 30 mm., abdomen rufous in spring . C. ferruginea, p. 572 



\ Bill under 30 mm., abdomen white in spring . C. fuscicollis , p. 588 



f Tail graduated C. acuminata, p. 584 



5 -^ Tail more or less square, but middle pair of 



(_ rectrices prolonged 6 



fi /Bill distinctly longer than tarsus .... G. alpina, p. 568 



\ Bill not distinctly longer than tarsus . , 7 

 _ /Outermost tail-feather white C. temmincJcii,p. 579 



\ Outermost tail-feather grey-brown or brown 8 

 o /Wing over 110 mm 9 



\ Wing under 110 mm 10 



/Tarsus over 25 mm C. maculata, p. 581 



9 \ Tarsus under 25 mm G. bairdii, p. 586 



,~ /Tarsus and feet black C. minuta, p. 575 



\ Tarsus and feet yellowish or olivaceous . . C. minutilla, p. 578 



CALIDRIS CANUTUS 



389. Calidris canutus canutus (L.) — THE KNOT. 



Tbinga Canutus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 149 (1758— Europe. 

 Restricted typical locality : Sweden) 



Tringa canutus Linnaeus, Yarrell, in, p. 413 ; Saunders, p. 595. 

 Canutus canutus (L.). Hand-List. (1912), p. 172. 



Description. — Adult male and female. Winter. — Crown, nape, 

 mantle and scapulars ash-grey, feathers with dark shafts and lighter 

 edges ; back and rump ash-grey, feathers bordered darker sub- 

 terminally and edged white ; upper tail-coverts and feathers of 

 lower -rump white, bordered and irregularly marked and barred dark 

 or blackish ash-brown ; eye-stripe, ear-coverts, cheeks and sides 

 of neck white, narrowly streaked ash-brown ; loral streak ash-grey ; 

 chin and throat white, lower -throat narrowly streaked ash-brown ; 

 breast white, feathers with wavy bars (sometimes narrow streaks) 

 of ash -brown ; sides of breast as mantle ; flanks white, irregularly 

 marked and barred ash-brown ; belly, vent and under tail-coverts 

 white, some of latter with narrow median streaks or irregularly 

 marked ash-brown ; axillaries white irregularly barred ash-brown ; 

 under wing-coverts white, some marked ash-brown ; tail-feathers 

 ash-grey narrowly edged white ; primaries brown-black, paler on 



