THE SPOTTED REDSHANK. 629 



white eye-stripe more or less streaked ash-broAvn ; loral streak ash- 

 brown ; ear-coverts white streaked ash-brown ; sides of neck ash- 

 brown, feathers narrowly tipped white ; cheeks white spotted dusky; 

 lower -throat and upper-breast white, feathers more or less streaked 

 or marked dusky and suffused palest ashy towards tip ; sides of 

 breast as mantle but paler ; flanks white or suffused ash-brown and 

 irregularly barred and marked same ; under tail-coverts white, 

 lateral ones with dusky-brown shafts and irregularly marked black- 

 brown ; rest of under -parts white ; tail-feathers ash-brown narrowly 

 edged white, with incomplete bars or notches of black-brown and 

 white ; primaries sepia, inner webs paler and with an irregular white 

 streak freckled sepia towards base, inner ones edged white and more 

 or less notched black-brown on outer webs ; secondaries pale sepia 

 or ash -brown, edged and notched white ; innermost secondaries 

 and coverts as scapulars ; primary-coverts sepia, inner ones narrowly 

 edged white ; greater coverts as secondaries but inner ones irregu- 

 larly barred sepia ; rest of wing-coverts ash -brown broadly tipped 

 white, median coverts barred sepia subterminally and more or less 

 irregularly notched sepia and white. This plumage is acquired by 

 complete moult Aug. to Jan. Summer. — The body-feathers (not 

 all scapulars), usually all tail-feathers, or central pair only, most 

 innermost secondaries and coverts, some median and lesser coverts 

 but not rest of wings are moulted March to May. Sometimes some 

 winter -feathers are retained. Crown and nape sooty-black, feathers 

 narrowly tipped white ; feathers of mantle and scapulars sooty- 

 black, narrowly tipped white and notched white or pale pink-buff 

 (sometimes black broadly tipped and notched ash-brown, some 

 scapulars sometimes more or less ash-brown barred black-brown) ; 

 rest of upper -parts as winter but some tail-coverts black, tipped 

 and irregularly barred white or pale pink-buff ; cheeks, ear-coverts, 

 sides of neck, chin, throat, upper-breast and flanks slate-black, 

 feathers narrowly edged white and flanks usually more or less 

 irregularly barred same (sometimes some flank-feathers white 

 barred slate-black ; feathers of cheeks and chin sometimes with ill- 

 concealed white bases) ; belly and vent slate-black, feathers more 

 or less tipped white and often with imperfectly concealed white 

 bases, sometimes intermixed with white feathers ; under tail- 

 coverts barred slate-black and white and edged white ; tail-feathers 

 as winter but central pair notched pale pink-buff ; wing as winter 

 but new innermost secondaries and coverts and new median coverts 

 as scapulars ; new lesser coverts black narrowly edged white. 



Nestling. — Like nestling Common Redshank but pink-cinnamon 

 of upper-parts replaced by greyish -white more or less suffused light- 

 buff ; markings of upper -parts brown-black ; under -parts greyish- 

 white suffused buff ; down of upper -breast with ill-concealed sooty- 

 black bases. 



Juvenile. — Like adult winter but crown sepia, feathers faintly 

 notched white ; nape same but lighter ; mantle and scapulars 

 sepia or black-brown, feathers notched and tipped white ; upper 



