68 BRITISH CRETACEOUS BRACHIOPODA. 



Terebratula carnea, Geinits. Char. Kreid., p. 16, 1839. 



— — Reenter. Die Vers. Nord. Kreid., 1840 (but not all his 



Synonymes). 



— ovata, Rcemer. lb. (but not T. ovata, Sow.). 



— carnea, Morris. Catalogue, 1843. 



— — B'Orbigny. Russia and Oural, vol. ii, p. 494, pi. xliii, figs. 21 



—25, 1845. 



— — Reuss. Bohem. Kreid., p. 50, No. 14, tab. xxvi, figs. 10, 11, 



1846 (but not all his Synonymes). 



— — VOrbigny. Pal. Franc., Ter. Cretaces, vol. iv, p. 103, pi. 515, 



figs. 5—8, 1847, and Prodrome, vol. ii, p. 258. 



— — Bronn (part). Index Pal., vol. ii, p. 1232, 1848 (but not all 



his Synonymes). 



— — Alth. Geol. Lemberg (in Haidinger's Abhandl.), p. 258, 



tab. xiii, fig. 8, 1850. 



— — Quenstedt. Handb. de Petref., p. 473, tab. xxxviii, figs. 3, 4. 



1851. 



— — A Catalogue of the Terebratulse in the British Museum, p. 21, 



1853. 



Diagnosis. Shell ovate, circular, elongated oval, or obtusely five sided, with somewhat 

 depressed and almost equally convex valves ; beak short, more or less incurved, and per- 

 forated by a small circular foramen, partly surrounded, and separated from the hinge line 

 by a wide concave triangular deltidium, transversely wrinkled ; margin nearly straight all 

 round. Surface smooth, marked only by a few concentric lines of growth. Shell 

 structure minutely punctated. Colour of a light or dull red. In the interior of the 

 smaller or dorsal valve, the cardinal process is more or less produced ; the loop short and 

 simple, rarely exceeding a fourth of the length of the socket valve. 



Dimensions very variable: length 17, width 15^, depth 10 lines; 



>> *■ 1 > » J-* >> y » 



» 20, „ 19 „ 11 „ &c. 



06s. This well-known shell was first described and figured by Sowerby, under the 

 name of T. carnea, on account of the fleshy red tinge presented by many specimens ; and 

 which is no doubt remains of the original colour, which was in all probability similar to 

 that still observable in several recent Terebratulse, such as T. lenticularis so abundantly 

 found in the deep sea of Fauveau Straits, New Zealand. T. carnea varies more or less in 

 external shape ; to the lengthened example, Sowerby applied the name T. elongata. 



Several Palaeontologists, among whom we may mention M. D'Orbigny, have placed the 

 so-termed T. subrotunda of Sowerby (' Min. Con.,' tab. xv, figs. 1 and 2), among the 

 synonymes of T. carnea, but it is doubtful whether this determination be correct ; the 

 figure in the ' Min. Con.' represents a circular Terebratula bearing external resemblance 

 to some varieties of T. carnea, but, as the locality and bed mentioned is " the hardest 

 chalk about Hornisham, in Wiltshire" it seems probable that the illustration was not taken 



