43 



The male moth (which is the sex shown in the figure; is distinguished 

 from the female by its narrow abdomen and by a conspicuous fan-shaped 

 brush of scales at its tip. 



NATURAL EXEMII>. 



In the way of natural enemies the hop-vine borer has but few. The 

 skunk is spoken of in all articles upon this insect as a most efficient 

 insecticide. Dr. Smith stated that in every yard in which the grubs 

 were common and where there were convenient hiding and breeding 

 places for skunks traces of their presence could be seen in the tunnels 

 made by the sharp snout of the animal in its search for the fat larvae. 

 In the spring he noticed large numbers of young larvae, but when in 

 July he went to gather full-grown larvae and pupae he found that the 

 skunks had preceded him everywhere and that it was only with some 

 difficulty that he secured a few specimens. Later he requested a grower 

 to send him some and received answer that none could be found. The 

 census correspondence, according to Mr. Dodge, made frequent men- 

 tion of the agency of this odoriferous animal. Certain growers were in 

 the habit of leaving the skunks to carry on the warfare alone, while 

 one grower living in Juneau County. Wis., wrote that he had seen 1<> 

 acres of hops where not a dozen hills had escaped the visits of the skunk. 



Dr. Smith noticed the larva of a carabid beetle feeding upon the 

 young larvae at the time when they descend to the ground: but other 

 natural enemies have not been observed, according to published account. 

 Our notes, however, show that 2 larvae received from Dr. Smith July 

 28. 1883, were dead and appeared to be parasitized, but none of the 

 adult parasites were reared. 



REMEDIES. 



There is little to be said in the way of remedies that is not already 

 known to experienced hop growers, although as a matter of fact many 

 of the census returns of 1880 stated, according to Mr. Dodge, that no 

 remedy is possible. The fact that the eggs hatch and the young tip 

 worms enter the tip shoot just as the vims are beginning to climb ren- 

 ders it easy for experienced tiers to kill them by hand as they go 

 through the held tying the vines to poles. An affected vine is readily 

 recognized, and a pinch of the thumb and finger ends forever the work 

 of the young larva. 



The short period in which the worm works in the tip. however, ren- 

 ders it probable that many will escape this simple process before the 

 field is all gone over and will drop to the ground and enter the base of 

 the stem. At this stage remedial work is difficult. Mr. .1. F. Clark. 

 of Otsego County. N. V.. recommends that when the vines are well up 

 the poles and at the first hoeing the dirt should be carefully worked 

 away from the vines by the hoe. All dirt remaining between the 

 vines should be carefully worked out with a sharpened stick so that all 

 of the vines will be left bare as low down as the point where they leave 



