44 



the bedroot. These become toughened by the weather and are not so 

 attractive to the grub. Immediately after this operation a good hand- 

 ful of a composite, consisting of equal parts of salt, quicklime, and hen 

 manure, mixed while slacking the lime and left standing for two weeks, 

 should be placed about each vine root. The hops should never be hilled 

 until the latter part of July or first of August. 



Dr. Smith recommends the search for and destruction of pupae in 

 the spring, but, as it appears that pupal hibernation may not be nor- 

 mal, this proposed remedy can not be taken into account. A remedy 

 which has generally been adopted is high hilling and fertilizing, which 

 induces the putting out of rootlets above the main root, enabling the 

 vines to derive nourishment through this channel where the stem has 

 been gnawed below. Certain of the Canadian correspondents of Dr. 

 Fletcher are in the habit of placing the remains of a kind of herring 

 which is thrown up in large quantities on the lake shore about the 

 roots of the hops. This, it seems, is an excellent fertilizer and pre- 

 vents the attacks of the collar worm. Dr. Fletcher is of the opinion 

 that the virtue of the fish as a preventative is due chiefly to the offen- 

 sive odor of the putrefying body at the time when the young fall to the 

 ground to attack the root. 



THE HOP-VINE SNOUT-MOTH. 



{Hypena hamuli Harr.) 



PREVIOUS WRITINGS. 



Dr. T. W. Harris gave the name Cr ambus humuli to this insect in his 

 Catalogue of the Insects of Massachusetts (p. 174). In his treatise on 



the Insects Injurious to Vegeta- 

 tion (Flint edition, pp. 476-478) 

 he gave some account of the 

 method of work of the larva, 

 and stated that in Massachu- 

 setts there are two annual gen- 

 erations, the caterpillars of the 

 first brood appearing in May 

 and June, and transforming to 

 moths by the end of June and 

 early part of July, those of the 

 second brood appearing in July 

 and August and transforming to 

 moths in September. He con- 

 sidered the insect distinct from 

 the congeneric hop-vine moth of 

 Europe, Hypena rostralis, an in- 

 sect which has precisely the same habits and is also two-brooded in Ger- 

 many, according to Kaltenbach. Harris's account is illustrated by a 

 rather poor figure of the adult moth. 



Fig. 36.— Hypena humuli: a, egg; &, larva; c, segment 

 of same ; d, pupa ; e, cremaster of same ; /, adult- 

 er c, e, greatly enlarged, other figures slightly en- 

 larged (original). 



