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| ICEBERGS IN THE SOUTHERN OCEAN. 293 
| This view derives some support from the character of the ice- 
bergs when outbursts occur, as at the end of 1854, and again 
recently, for on each occasion there were great icebergs which 
only some convulsion of nature could set adrift. One of these 
was reported by twenty-one ships in 1855. It was a solid mass 
of ice, measuring sixty miles on one side, forty miles on another, 
_ and in the third side (for it was triangular), there was a great 
7 bay, into which three vessels unconsciously sailed—two got out 
by tremendous exertion, and the third became a total wreck, 
Again, on January 17, 1893 (see No. 57 in List), the ship 
“Loch Torridon,” in latitude 53° 51’, longitude 46° west, sailed 
for fifty miles along one side of an immense ice island, and the 
captain saw another estimated to be one thousand five hundred 
feet high. Again (No. 55 in List) on January 11, 1893, the ships 
“Wasdale” and “Strathcathro” sailed all unconscious of danger 
. into a horse-shoe shaped bay in an iceberg; it was twenty miles 
deep, ten miles across in the middle, and four miles wide at the 
_. entrance. The similarity of this ice-bound bay with the one seen 
in 1855, and another seen by Dampier in his voyages, is note- 
worthy, for they were all alike. It would seem as if there were 
Some forming place, or mould, in which these icebergs are built 
up and held until some great eruption sets them free. 
If we accept the suggestion of the cause of sudden accessions 
of icebergs here put forward, we have a cause known to be in 
operation there, and quite sufficient to account for the enormous 
umber of icebergs, and also of the large dimensions of some of 
them at these times of outburst. : 
Thave endeavoured to prepare the chart of reported icebergs 
that it should be easily read. The locality of every report is 
e : ed on the chart: by a circle, the year in which the ice was 
__ sm isshewn by the number of bars within the circle, a number 
“added so that the report can be found in the following list and 
up Particulars obtained. ‘The positions in which the derelict 
~"nbartonshire” was seen, are marked in the same way, and 
