434 SIDNEY H. RAY. 
Ka, plurality of things under discussion but a little more removed. 
Ko, plurality of things under discussion, far removed, but animate 
or inanimate. 
The Hawaiian Grammar gives all the above particles as also 
signs of the dual, adding to them the mau, as an expression to 
denote a few. 
The table shows how each language is governed by a common 
law in expressing the dual or plural by particles. 
6. Gender.—* There is nothing in Hawaiian to mark the genders 
of nouns.” The real difference, existing in animate beings is 
denoted by words expressive of sex. This is denoted by the words 
kane, male, wahine, female.! The same rule applies to the Ponape, 
the words used being ol, male, and li, female. In both languages 
different words are use to designate the gender, as the words for 
parents, children, animals or fowls. 
§ 9. ADJECTIVES. 
There is much similarity in the use of the adjective. 
1. The Adjective of Quality. 
Hawaiian—He manawa loihi, a long time. ‘ 
He papa makolukolu,® a thick board. 
Ponape—Anjou uarai, a long time. 
Par en tuka mejul,? a thick board. 
2. Adjective of Quantity. 
Hawaiian—He makani oluolu, a pleasant breeze. 
Ka la ino, the stormy day. 
Ponape—Ang tik, a light breeze. 
Ran katawin, a rainy day. 
be 
1 Sam. tane, fafine, et 
2 These words makolukolu, and mejul are representatives of a more 0° 
mon matolu. Cf. Samoan matolutol, thick (pork), pore matotoru, Efate 
»-matulu, Malekula, metetir, Epi, mererolu, Mota, matoltol. All of these 
-words have the cnn prefix ma. Cf. also 8 pois tolo, the thick 
“part of the body or 
