LANGUAGES OF PONAPE AND HAWAII. 44} 
FAs 1 . 
Singular, Hawaiian aw, oe, ia Plural Hawaiian ma, ta, 0, la 
Ponape i, koe, 2. Ponape f, ta, om, ra.| 
With the prepositions the first personal pronouns are as follows: * 
HAWAIIAN. PoNAPE. 
Nom. au, wau I Nom. WVgaz, % a 
Gen. o'u, au of me a (Gen. nat, ai mine 
Gen. ko’u, ka’u mine [to me fy \Gen. en nai, en ai of mine 
Dat. no’u, na’u for me, belonging Dat. ong ia for me 
Ace. ia’u me, tome [of me Dat. ong, nai, ai for mine 
Acc. mao'ula by me, by means Acc. ongia to me 
Abl. mai o’u la from me Abl. rei with me 
Abl. meau with me, like me Abl. pai by me as 
Abl. ¢ aw by me as agent agent. 
The chief features in the plural and dual are the distinction 
between the exclusive and inclusive in the first person, but there 
is no need to give here the full forms. The point to notice in the 
declension of the pronoun is the distinction made in the use of the 
genitive singular, and the agreement of the two languages. The 
Ponape nai and ai of the first person, nom and am of the second, 
na and a of the third, agree with the double forms of the Hawaiian 
o'u, au, for first person, ow, aw of the second, ona, ana of the third. 
The use of these may be sufticiently illustrated by the Ponape nat 
and ai for the first person singular genitive. These words are 
both suffix and prefix, at least ai is emphatically so, thus war a, 
Canoe my, or ai war, my canoe; so also ai im, my house, im at, 
ed house. The nai is more generally a prefix. It is doubtful if 
* ever becomes a suffix, if so, only in a special sense. AS posses 
Sive pronouns both are important, and it is in this pronominal 
form that they carry the character of the Hawaiian prepositions 
@and 0, and indicate the “shade of difference between things “s 
which has been already spoken of (§ 7 Prepositions). 
The Ponape a is the equivalent of the Hawaiian 0, and stands 
as the exponent of all possessions, goods, lands, boats, canoes, 
largely things with which to work, then relations, the brother, 
