450 SIDNEY H. RAY. 
The following table illustrates the use of the directives: 
Hawaiian—Jlawe au mai, I brought hither 
lawe au aku, I took away 
lawe au iho, I took down 
lawe au ae, I took up. 
Ponape—TI ua to, I brought here, to the speaker 
I ua we, I carried from the speaker, a short distance 
I ua la, I carried from the speaker, far off 
I ua ti, I carried down 3 
I ua ta, I brought up. 
§ 15. Synrax. 
Our remarks on this subject will be few, because in the main 
there is so much of unity. In the Hawaiian the subject is rarely 
the first member of a sentence—a verb may and often does take 
its place. On this point the divergency of the two tongues is 
marked. In Ponape the noun is usually the first member, and 
it is rare to see the verb in any other position than following its 
subject. Inall the minor parts of speech, the adjective following 
the noun qualified, the adverb or directive its verb, the similarity 
in both tongues is striking. 
[The Ponape order is that common in Melanesia, except in 
Fiji and a few other places. The Hawaiian is the usual Polynesian 
order. | 
$16. Comparative VOCABULARY. 
[In comparing these lists it must be remembered that in com- 
mon Oceanic words: ¢ is represented by j in Ponape, by kin 
Hawaiian ; a common f is dropped in Ponape, and is h in Hawaiian; 
& common / is retained in Ponape, but is dropped in Hawaiian; 
the common ng is retained in Ponape, but becomes 7 in Hawaiian. | 
ENGLIsH. PonaPeE. HAWAIIAN. 
Animal man manu, bird. Common 
et eke 
Before moa mua. Common 
Breadfruit mai iiad 
