place. They preferred to remain within the woodland at night^and one 

 morning he found attached to the hair of the animals a number of pupa 

 cases. The Cicadas had clambered upon the backs of the hogs, and 

 there left their outer garments. I have learned of several instances in 

 which hogs discovered the Cicadas before they emerged from the ground, 

 and in some localities they rooted over a considerable amount of ground, 

 to some depth, searching for this new-found food. Farmers gathered 

 the immature insects upon their appearance and fed them to poultry. 



In most localities where they had been abundant seventeen years 

 before they appeared this year, but in many instances but few insects 

 represented the vast numbers of their previous maturity. In many 

 places where they were abundant at their last preceding appearance no 

 representatives appeared this year. Many were there which did not 

 emerge from the pupal covering/but from the heat of the morning sun, 

 the attacks of birds and of insects, perished. 



May 31 they began making their peculiar noise, and by June 7 the 

 woods resounded with their rattling notes. June 5 they began mating. 

 Five days later most of them appeared to be mated. Ten days after 

 beginning mating they commenced depositing eggs. In this work I have 

 always seen the female with the head higher than any other part of the 

 body. Owing to this fact the eggs appear on some trees to have been 

 deposited from a certain direction, while on others the opposite appears 

 to be the direction whence they came. Upon the oak and apple, trees 

 whose limbs generally grow quite erect, the ovipositor has been inserted 

 from above, or from towards the end of the limb; while upon beech, elm, 

 and other trees, which have a drooping habit, the eggs were deposited 

 from the opposite direction, that toward the base of the limb. The fe- 

 male effects an opening into the wood by means of two small saw-like 

 organs. An excavation is made, consisting of two apartments separated 

 by a thin partition of wood. Into these cavities the ovipositor is in- 

 serted ; apparently au egg is deposited in each of these chambers at the 

 same time, and each one is lying at the same angle with the partition 

 wall. The eggs are packed very regularly, and under a glass of low 

 power look very much like grains of rice. The openings of these egg- 

 cavities are from five-sixteenths to one-half of an inch in length, and 

 were found three-eighths, and occasionally a few one-half, of an inch 

 apart. Sometimes but two or three punctures were to be seen on a 

 limb, and again the punctured limb would be upwards of a foot in length. 

 A limb of Black Cum (Nyssa multiflora, Wang.), showing a line of inci- 

 sions 18 inches long, proved by actual count to have 48 egii chambers 

 upon it, all in a straight line, and doubtless the work of a single insect. 

 The largest limb found punctured was not over one half an inch in dia- 

 meter. Egg-laying was not confined to trees of any particular species. 

 yet there were some kinds of trees apparently more desirable than 

 others. 



