Division II 
Insects, etc., Injurious to Large Living Trees and to 
Small Trees More Than | or 2 Meters Tall 
This group includes insects and related organisms that commonly attack living 
forest and shade trees but excludes those that attack fruit and seeds or that attack 
small plants not more than 4 or 5 years old. Insects responsible for damage to wood 
products, many of which primarily inhabit dead or dying trees or which attack logs, 
lumber, and other wood products, are discussed under Division III. 
Injury consisting of discolored, yellowish, rusty, or mottled foliage covered 
with fine cobweblike threads or matting ....................2.0005- » A 
Injury consisting of defoliation, leaf rolling, leaf tying, leaf and petiole 
mining, or bast or epidermis miners on green-barked stems ........... B 
Injury occurring on new growth, twigs, branches, or small trees, consisting of 
mining, pruning, withering, or flagging ....................0.0005- é: 
Injury caused by larvae or beetles boring in the bark, under the bark, or in the 
WOO wis oer sit tsk ccseily Sew S, ¢ Stale cue tac, whe Ome ece ane aetna D 
Injury consisting of a gall or swelling on stem, branch, or leaf .......... E 
Injury caused by sucking insects feeding on leaves, twigs, or bark surfaces, 
usuallythe SOfter tissues Of (he plant 2... 4<26 2. 2G eas eee h oe ee ee F 
A. Yellowing Foliage 
Injury consisting of discolored, yellowish, rusty, or mottled foliage covered 
with fine cobweblike threads or matting .......... Acari, Tetranychidae 
B. Defoliation and Other Injury 
L. Injury-caused by beetles and/or larvae xn. 8 Gs co ba Fe She Me oe 2 
Fy Y Case AE VAC Lo coyote «9 Se ae xed eRe ee eee 4 
Injury caused by other types of insects or insect not present ......... S 
2. Adults and larvae associated on the leaves... Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae 
PUES Only PRCSONE, ea aches 2a ia ee are a 3 
3. Beetles usually found feeding at night ..... Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae 
Small, bright-colored jumping beetles .... Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae 
Dull black, purplish, or gray, soft-bodied beetles. . Coleoptera, Meloidae 
Siiall snout Wecles: caves we, ».z\d<.2 Aer had Coleoptera, Curculionidae 
4 SProleos, Uusually-two Or FIVE padlls 4.2) s,s hs a oe ee oe Lepidoptera 
Prolegs, usually six or more pairs—or none ......... Hymenoptera, 
Tenthredinidae 
Prolegs inconspicuous; leaf- or bast-mining forms” 
>; Ciretlar holes cut the leaves 2.4.3... Hymenoptera, Megachilidae 
Trees defoliated, ant mounds nearby; Texas, Louisiana .. Hymenoptera, 
Formicidae 
Leaves rolled into a small, compact bundle Coleoptera, Curculionidae 
> There seems to be no simple and practical method of separating the leafminers of the four orders that 
have species with this habit. Those found in conifers are probably either Lepidoptera or Hymenoptera: 
those on hardwoods may be Lepidoptera or Hymenoptera, or of the families Curculionidae. 
Chrysomelidae. or Buprestidae of the Coleoptera: or they may be Diptera of the families Agromyzidae or 
Cecidomyiidae. 
36 
