host; the shed skins are subcentral and are yellowish orange. The body of the adult 
female and the eggs are purple. The male cover is smaller than the female cover and 
has a submarginal shed skin. 
The peony scale has one generation per year in Japan and overwinters as mated 
adult females (S98). Overlapping generations are reported in the greenhouse 
(1168). In southern areas there are probably many generations per year. Crawlers 
are present in Virginia in late May (644). The peony scale occurs on the bark of its 
host. This species is a serious pest of azaleas, rhododendrons, and camellias in 
southern areas. It is reported to kill twigs and branches of its host. Natural enemies 
include a parasitic wasp, several lady beetles, and a fungus. 
The camphor scale, P. duplex (Cockerell), is apparently native to the Orient and 
is found in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi in the United 
States. In Louisiana, nearly 200 hosts are reported, including persimmon, pecan, 
camellia, camphor-tree, oak, elm, and maple (266). This species is primarily a pest 
of ornamentals but is found in natural habitats. The cover of the adult female is 
circular, convex, brown, and has yellow submarginal shed skins. The body of the 
adult female is white soon after molting but turns purple with age; eggs are light 
purple. The male cover is elongate, flat, brown, and has a yellow terminal shed 
skin. 
The camphor scale has three generations per year in Louisiana and overwinters 
primarily as mated adult females (266). First instars are present in Louisiana in late 
March, mid-June, and mid-August. The camphor scale may feed on the leaves or 
bark. Adult males are common and are necessary for reproduction in at least some 
populations. Damage usually does not involve killing trees, although it has been 
stated that camphor-trees may be killed within 6 months of attack (7/275). Normally, 
lower branches are killed leaving a weakened host. Natural enemies include at least 
nine parasitic wasps, two lady beetles, and Platoeceticus gloveri (Packard), the 
orange basketworm. 
The white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Yargioni-Tozzetti) and P. 
prunicola (Maskell), the white prunicola scale, have been confused until recently 
(250). Morphological and biological characters are useful in separating the species. 
The white peach scale has more perivulvar pores, more large macroducts, more 
small macroducts on the metathorax and first abdominal segment, and has fewer 
gland spines in the third space and these spines are usually bifurcate or trifurcate. 
The eggs of a single specimen of the white peach scale may be white or salmon or 
both (93), whereas those of the white prunicola scale are all salmon. Both species 
have been introduced into North America from the Old World. The white peach 
scale is primarily a southern species and is common in the Southeast as far north as 
Maryland. The white prunicola scale is abundant in the Northeast but also is 
reported from Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi. The white peach 
scale occurs on a diverse range of hosts including 115 plant genera in Florida. In the 
United States it commonly is taken on peach, mulberry, and persimmon. The white 
prunicola scale has a more restricted host range including 21 genera of plants. In the 
United States it is commonly found on Prunus spp., particularly Japanese flowering 
cherry, and on privet and lilac. Both scales are similar in appearance; the cover of 
the adult female is circular, convex, white, and has yellow subcentral shed skins. 
The body of the adult female is yellow. The male cover is elongate, white, and has a 
yellow terminal shed skin. 
The white peach scale has four generations per year in Florida (644) and three in 
Maryland (280). The white prunicola scale has two generations each year in 
118 
