F-049923; 519922 
Figure 48.—Adult and larva of Paranthrene simulans. 
Paranthrene tabaniformis (Rottemberg) larvae bore into the branches and termi- 
nals of young cottonwoods, weakening them and causing some to break. There are 
one or two generations per year. 
Family Choreutidae 
Choreutids 
The apple-and-thorn skeletonizer, Eutromula pariana (Clerck), an introduced 
species first recorded in New York State, is now known to occur in Virginia west to 
Indiana, and north to southern Canada. The larva feeds mostly on the leaves of 
apple, pear, and hawthorn but mountain-ash, birch, willow, plum, and sour cherry 
are also attacked. The adult is dark reddish-brown with a purplish tinge and has a 
wingspread of 12 mm. The forewings are often marked with faint, pale bands and 
wavy, black lines. Three or four white spots are usually along the costal margin. 
Full-grown larvae are yellowish green with prominent black tubercles and are about 
12 mm long. 
Young larvae skeletonize the undersurfaces of the leaves under loose webs. Older 
larvae move to the upper surfaces and draw the opposite sides of leaves together 
with silk. They feed inside the fold, consuming everything but the lower epidermis 
and larger veins. Damaged leaves curl, turn brown, and fall by early September. 
Pupation occurs in cocoons spun in the angles or folds of leaves, on weeds or other 
objects, and even in cracks of buildings. There are three and possibly four genera- 
tions per year. 
Family Cossidae 
Carpenterworm Moths 
Carpenterworm moths have fairly heavy, spindle-shaped bodies, and narrow, 
pointed wings. The larvae excavate large galleries in the wood of trees, often 
causing serious injury. 
The leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina (L.), an introduced species, is known to 
occur from the Philadelphia area to northern Massachusetts. Its favored hosts are 
145 
