Several species of parasites have been reported from H. guttivitta (8), but the 
most important are the egg parasite Jelenomus coelodasidis Ashmead and the pupal 
parasite Cratichneuman sublatus (Cresson). 
Other species of Heterocampa likely to be encountered in eastern forests include: 
H. umbrata Walker—on oak and maple: H. biundata Walker—on beech, paper 
birch, black cherry, and maple; and H. bilineata (Packard), the elm prominent— 
on elm and birch. 
Macrarocampa marthesia (Cramer) occurs from Maine to Florida and Texas and 
feeds on the leaves of beech, maple, quaking aspen, oak, and sycamore. Full-grown 
larvae are pale green and up to 50 mm long. The head is flat in front: there is a 
small, double, reddish tubercle on the prothorax; and the body is marked with a 
longitudinal, yellowish-white stripe and occasional pink spots on the back. Larvae 
feed from July to October, then spin cocoons between leaves on the ground in which 
they pupate and spend the winter. 
Oligocentria lignicolor (Walker) feeds on various species of oaks and beech 
throughout the Eastern United States. The larva is about 37 mm long and resembles 
larvae of the genus Schizura. Its prominent characteristics include a pale, bilobed 
head, with dark branched bands on each side of the face meeting on the vertex. 
There is also a large, slightly cleft tubercle on the first abdominal segment and a 
smaller brownish one on the eighth abdominal segment. The sides of the thorax are 
pea green. Adults appear in July and August in the Northeastern States; the larvae, 
from August to October. Winter is spent in a tough, parchmentlike cocoon on the 
ground. 
The redhumped caterpillar, Schizura concinna (J. E. Smith), occurs throughout 
the United States and in most of the Canadian provinces. Its hosts include fruit trees 
and a long list of forest and shade trees, such as elm, quaking aspen, willow, 
hickory, black locust, dogwood, sweetgum, persimmon, and paper birch. The adult 
is grayish brown and has a wingspread of about 50 mm. Full-grown larvae are about 
25 mm long. The head and a hump on the eighth abdominal segment are red; the 
body is marked with black and yellowish lines and bears a double row of short, 
stout, black lines on top (fig. 96). When at rest, the larva holds the rear end in an 
elevated position and, when handled, it gives off a pungent, disagreeable odor. 
Courtesy Conn. Agric. Exp. Stn. 
Figure 96.—Larva of the redhumped caterpillar, Schizura 
concinna. 
222 
