C. sulcatulus (Casey), which feeds on almost all oak species but prefers the red oak 
group, and C. proboscideus F., reported from more than 20 species of oak (/230). 
The willow flea weevil, Rhynchaenus rufipes (LeConte), occurs in eastern 
Canada and south and west through the Eastern States to New Mexico. Willow is its 
preferred host, but it also feeds on many other hardwoods such as elm, red maple, 
aspen, red oak, gray and paper birches, cherry, serviceberry, and apple. The adult 
is black, broadly elliptical, and about 2 mm long. The eyes are large and almost 
meet in front, the antennae are reddish yellow and elbowed, the scutellum is white, 
the legs are reddish yellow, the hind femora are thick and fitted for jumping, and 
there is a small white spot at the base of the wing covers. 
In Maine, winter is spent in the adult stage beneath loose bark, under stone walls, 
in debris, or in the soil. Overwintering adults emerge in early spring, fly to their 
hosts, and feed by eating circular holes in opening buds and new leaves. Eggs are 
laid in pits on the underside of leaves, and the larvae feed almost entirely within the 
tissues of the leaf, forming large blotch mines. Pupation occurs within the mine and 
new adults appear in August. In heavily infested areas, they may crawl over 
buildings in such large numbers as to be a nuisance (905). 
The apple flea weevil, R. pallicornis (Say), feeds on apple, hawthorn, winged 
elm, hazelnut, and quince from New York to Hlinois and Missouri. Adults are black 
and about 2.5 mm long. 
Odontopus calceatus (Say) has been reported from most Eastern States wherever 
its host plants—yellow-poplar, magnolia, and sassafrass—are found. Adult weevils 
are 2.5 to 3.9 mm long, and from 1.4 to 2.4 mm wide. Most are black with dark- 
brown antennae, mouth parts, and tarsi. Southern specimens may have yellow tarsi 
and antennal segments. 
In the Gulf States, adults emerge in early February, but not until late April or 
early May in the northern reaches of its range. At first they feed on buds and 
stipules. Later, they feed on expanding leaves producing typical oval or rice-shaped 
holes (fig. 155). The females lay their eggs in the leaf midrib on the underside of 
leaves. Upon hatching, the larvae feed in the leaf blade; as many as 19 larvae have 
been reported in a single mine. When feeding is done, the larvae weave spherical 
cocoons in the mine and pupate. New adults emerge during the summer months. 
After a brief period of feeding, mostly on the under surface of leaves, the adults 
enter aestivation. Then, apparently with no further activity, they hibernate in the 
leaf litter. Late spring frosts can cause high mortality in the northern parts of the 
weevil’s range (177). 
This species has been particularly abundant on yellow-poplar in eastern Ken- 
tucky since 1960. Heavy infestations have also occurred in Ohio, West Virginia, 
Virginia, and Tennessee. Prior to 1960, it seems to have occurred most commonly 
on sassafras and magnolia. Parasites have destroyed up to 50 percent of the pupae in 
certain areas of Kentucky. 
The poplar-and-willow borer, Cryptorhynchus lapathi (L.), is a native of 
Europe and Asia. It was first reported in North America in New York in 1882. 
Since then it has spread across the continent in southern Canada. In the East, it is 
found as far south as South Carolina. Willow is its primary host, but poplar, except 
quaking aspen, is attacked and species of birch and alder are occasionally infested. 
Infestations in plantations and ornamentals may require insecticidal control to 
prevent serious damage. 
The adult is 8 to 10 mm long (fig. 156). The snout is as long as the head and 
thorax combined, and the elytra, at the base, are a third wider than the thorax. The 
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