dogwood Cornus spp. 
Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii 
elder Sambucus 
American Sambucus canadensis 
elm Ulmus 
American Ulmus americana 
Camperdown Ulmus glabra camperdownt 
cedar Ulmus crassifolia 
English Ulmus campestris 
European Uimus effusa 
Japanese Ulmus japonica 
rock Ulmus thomasii 
Scotch Ulmus glabra 
September Ulmus serotina 
Siberian Ulmus pumila 
slippery Ulmus rubra 
euonymus Euonymus spp. 
fig Ficus 
shortleaf Ficus citrifolia 
fir Abies 
balsam Abies balsamea 
Fraser Abies fraseri 
Siberian Abies sibirica 
subalpine Abies lasiocarpa 
white Abies concolor 
forsythia Forsythia 
fremontia Fremontodendron 
fringetree Chionanthus virginicus 
gardenia Gardenia spp. 
ginkgo Ginkgo biloba 
gooseberry-tree Phyllanthus acidus 
grape Vitis spp. 
greenbrier Smilax laurifolia 
hackberry Celtis occidentalis 
netleaf Celtis reticulata 
hawthorn Crataegus spp. 
haze! Corylus 
hemlock Tsuga 
eastern Tsuga canadensis 
hickory Carya 
- pignut Carya glabra 
holly Ilex 
American (typical) Ilex opaca var. opaca 
Chinese Ilex cornuta 
Japanese Ilex crenata 
531 
