54 BEES AND BEE-KEEPING. 



provided to receive the communications made by 

 these wonderful little creatures, by tappings on the 

 front of the head with the antennae. 



Our figure shows that the brain sends three short 

 stalks to the ocelli (o), the centre one receiving its 

 nerves from the right and left side, while the brain 

 laterally passes into the two masses provided to the 

 large compound eyes ; on each side also, a well- 

 developed lobe, beneath, gives origin to a nerve 

 supplying the antenna, for Dujardin seems to have 

 been in error in supposing that these arose from 

 the pedunculated bodies. 



Such, then, is the brain of the bee, declaring that 

 its owner is endowed, at least, with glimmerings of 

 intelligence. For, in those insects whose whole 

 course may be supposed to be simply instinctive, 

 the pedunculated body is not found ; in such, the 

 entire brain, and every ganglion, consists alone of 

 pulpy matter. Where the pedunculated bodies exist, 

 their bulk, as well as that of the antennae lobes, 

 seems to bear a direct proportion to the diversity of 

 action of which the creature possessing them is 

 capable. We have a progression in the size of these 

 appendages as well as in instinctive development in 

 passing— e.g., from the cockchafer (Melalontha vul- 

 garis) to the cricket, on to the ichneumon, then to 

 the carpenter bee, and, finally, to the social hive 

 bee, where the pedunculated bodies form the 4th 

 part of the volume of the cerebral mass, and the 

 ^th of the volume of the entire creature, while, in 



the cockchafer, they are less than the i rh nart 



tu ■ ( .u u • ■ i 2sooo cn part, 



lhe size of the brain is also a gauge of intellio- en ce 



