76 BEES AND BEE-KEEPING. 



inserting into a wooden handle), cut carefully round 

 the compound eye, and lift it off. Curiously folded, 

 and passing round the optic ganglion, we have a 

 long whitish body, which a facetious friend com- 

 pared to ropes of onions. It is one side of the 

 System No. i of Siebold (Fig. 16). Behind this, 

 and extending from the top of the head downwards, 

 we find packed inimitably a second gland system 

 (No. 2), consisting of many pouches, joined by canals 

 to a common duct, which may be followed until it is 

 discovered to enter another duct [b, Fig. 16) running 

 backwards and forwards in the body. Tracing this 

 channel towards the thorax, we see it enter the neck, 

 and immediately after bifurcate or fork (c, Fig. 16). 

 Following the line of one of the two ducts, we come 

 upon a reservoir (sc), leading backwards to another 

 gland system (No. 3), of singular structure, with 

 two lobes, lying in the front of the thorax on each 

 side of the body. The position of all these systems 

 is well seen in Plate I. The operation here described 

 is not likely to be accomplished with one bee, and I 

 spent many days, and spoilt many specimens, before 

 getting the glands in their entirety, with their con- 

 nections ; but I have good reason for supposing that 

 these successful dissections are unique. Leaving out 

 of view for the present a fourth gland, attached to 

 the jaw (Fig. 10), and which Siebold failed to note, 

 let us proceed to examine in detail the systems to 

 which he gave name. 



Taking pains to secure an entire right or left gland 

 of System No. 1, we find it to consist of an inelastic 

 transparent, central tube or duct, without branches 



