78 



BEES AND BEE-KEEPING. 



ruptedly carried back, over the hypo - pharyngeal 

 plate, to the oesophagus, or swallow beyond. Ex- 

 tremely strong and dark-coloured horn-like forms 

 run backwards, and converge on each side, while 

 near their ends are seen prominences which give 

 attachment to the protractor pharyngis muscle [pp), 

 which, by shortening, throws forward the whole ar- 

 rangement, bringing the front of the plate close up 



pl 



Fig. 17.— Hypo-fharyngeal Plate (Magnified Twenty-five times). 



A, Plate in Worker— pl, Plate Leaflet ; No. 1, Main Duct of System No. 1, with 

 Acini removed ; ptn, Papillfe of Taste Nerve ; oa, Opening of Ampulla for 

 Escape of Secretion ; pp, Protractor Pharyngis Muscle ; p, Pollen Grains in 

 Commencement of Oesophagus. B and C, Halves of Pharyngeal Plate from 

 Queen and Drone (lettering as before.) 



behind the epipharynx (g, Plate II.). We find what 

 at first might be taken for apertures at tn, but a 

 careful examination shows these to be delicate papillae 

 of the taste nerve, which runs beneath the pharynx, 

 and passes its terminating fibrils into them. But 

 our main point now is the discharge opening (oa) 

 of System No. I, a portion of whose duct, with its 

 continuation through the plate, is represented, thouo-h 



