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turpentine-substitutes are made there by many oil distillers. One of these, 

 a current commercial article, finds a good sale at $ 136,26 per ton f. o. b. 

 Liverpool. Switzerland imported in 1909 3044260 lbs. turpentine oil, of 

 which 1518000 lbs. came from France, 1515000 lbs. from Spain, 13660 lbs. 

 from the United States, 8150 lbs. from Belgium, 5950 lbs. from Germany, 

 2400 lbs. from Italy, 600 lbs. from England and 440 lbs. from Austria- 

 Hungary. The average price at the Swiss frontier was $ 15,63 per 

 220,46 lbs. The oil, which enters duty-free, is usually imported in drums 

 containing 352,7 lbs.; its sp. gr. is 0,900. In Johannesburg, South Africa, 

 the demand for substitutes is also considerable, on account of the high 

 turpentine prices. Here however, the substitutes must not be imported 

 in kegs but in tins ("American packing"). 



On p< 134 of our Report for October 1910 we stated that the Executive 

 Committee of the "Consolidated Naval Stores Company" had pronounced 

 itself in favour of the introduction of the "cup-and-gutter" method of 

 collecting turpentine. Other firms 1 ) connected with the turpentine business 

 contemplate the introduction of similar measures, and on September 7 th 

 1910 the principal of these held a conference at Atlanta, for the purpose 

 of forming a "Southern Conservation Association" which will have as 

 its object the introduction of less destructive methods of collecting 

 turpentine. It is hoped that the introduction of a more economical system 

 will make it possible to prolong the resin-yielding period of the trees by 

 several years before they are cut down for timber. 



The Canadian Government 2 ) has recently collected information concern- 

 ing the extent to which the adulteration of turpentine oil is practised in 

 the Dominion, the enquiry being on similar lines as that instituted some 

 time previously by the United States Government 3 ). A total of 75 samples 

 was collected; 5 from each of the 15 Inland Revenue Districts of the 

 Dominion. Of these, 73 were examined, of which 29 were found to be 

 pure, 24 suspect and 20 adulterated with petroleum. The chemist who 

 was charged with the examination called attention to the possibility of 

 sophistication with wood-turpentine oil, although such adulteration could 

 hardly be detected with certainty. 



In a paper on the estimation of French turpentine oil produced in the 

 Landes, which is before us only in the form of an abstract, Blarez 4 ) describes 

 the characteristics of this oil, which is exclusively the product of Pinus 

 pinaster, Sol. (P. maritima, Poir.). In a manner similar to that followed by 

 Vezes (see below), Blarez distinguishes between natural impurities and 



*) Chem. Industrie 33 (1910), 685. 



2 ) Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter 78 (1910), No. 18, p. 7. 



3 ) Comp. Report October 1909, 123. 



4 ) Bull. Soc. pharm. Bordeaux 1910, 219. Quoted from Chem. Ztg. Repert. 34 (1910), 479. 



