— 134 — 



fixed and essential oils, in solutions of the caustic alkalies and in 1 100 parts 

 of water; 0,1 g. thymol must evaporate on the water-bath without leaving 

 residue. Identification-reactions; test for carbolic acid. 



*) Thymol boils at 232 ° (753 mm.), if the mercury column is entirely surrounded by steam. 



Turpentine Oil, Crude (Oleum Terebinthince crudum). Colourless or 

 yellowish; d 15 o 0,860 to 0,875; b. p. 150 to 162°; soluble in 8 to 10 parts 

 of 80% alcohol 1 ); turns viscid and yellow when exposed to air, the oil 

 at the same time acquiring an acid reaction; a mixture of equal volumes 

 of turpentine oil and aniline must remain clear. 



x ) Turpentine oil is not nearly as soluble as this in 80% alcohol; the directions should 

 probably refer to 90°/o alcohol, of which 6 vols, are sufficient for solution. Only old and 

 resinified oils have a greater solubility. 



Turpentine Oil, Pure (Oleum Terebinthince rectificatum). Prepared by 

 rectifying French turpentine oil, colourless; d i5 o 0,855 to 0,860 *); b. p. 160 02 ); 

 soluble in 12 parts of 90% alcohol; 1 drop oil should not redden moist 

 litmus paper; 5 g. oil should evaporate without leaving a resinous residue. 



*) 0,855 to 0,870 is more correct. 



2 ) The bulk of rectified turpentine oil boils over between 155 and 162°. 



Chemical Preparations and Drugs. 



Benzyl Acetate, free from chlorine. In common with benzyl 

 benzoate, to which reference is made below, this important article has 

 now reached a price which may surely be described as marking the lowest 

 possible level, a price at which only that manufacturer is still able to 

 make a modest profit who utilises to the utmost the advantages of working 

 on a large scale. The use of benzyl acetate is steadily extending, its 

 low price has now secured it an entrance in those branches of the per- 

 fumery- and soap-industries which where closed to it when its cost was 

 higher. When buying benzyl acetate it is absolutely necessary not only 

 to test the constants, but also the odour, for the inferior qualities brought 

 out by certain competitors, to which we have already referred in our last 

 Report, have unfortunately not yet disappeared from the market. 



Benzyl Benzoate. We call attention to the low prices quoted in 

 our list, and beg to point out that this cheapest of all solvents for non- 

 alcoholic perfumes has gradually conquered a position of great importance 

 among the adjuvants of modern perfumery. It also renders good service 

 as a solvent of artificial musk, and is esteemed in many quarters for its 

 fixing properties. The price, which has gradually been depressed to its 

 present low figure by senseless competition, has now probably reached 

 its uttermost limit. Consumers are often unaware that at a low tempe- 

 rature pure benzyl benzoate congeals into white, hard crystals, which only 



