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MISC. PUBLICATION 77, TJ. S. DEPT. OF AGKICTJLTURE 



YARROW 



Achillea millefolium L. (Fig. 125.) 



pother common names. — Millefolium, milfoil, thousand-leaf, thousand-leaf 

 clover, gordoloba, green arrow, soldiers' woundwort, nosebleed, dog daisy, blood- 

 wort, sanguinary, carpenter grass, old-man' s-pepper, cammock. 



Habitat and range. — Yarrow is very common along roadsides and in old fields, 

 pastures, and meadows in the eastern and central United States and Canada. 

 Closely related forms occur in the Western States. 



Description. — This weed is from 10 to 20 inches high and has many finely 

 divided, feathery dark-green leaves. From June to September the plant produces 

 flat-topped panicles consisting of numerous small, white flower heads. It has a 

 strong odor. 



Part used. — The tops, collected when the plant is in flower. In limited demand 

 onlv. 



Figure 125. — Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) 



Figure 126. — Yellowroot (Xanthorhiza simplicis- 

 sima) 



YELLOWROOT 



Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh. (Fig. 126.) 



Synonym. — Zanthorhiza apiifolia L'Her. 



Other common names. — Shrub yellowroot, southern yellowroot. 



Habitat and range. — Yellowroot grows in woods from southwestern New York 

 to Kentucky and Florida, chiefly in the mountains. 



Description. — This slightly shrubby plant, 1 to 2 feet high, has compound 

 slender-stemmed leaves 5 to 6 inches long clustered at the summit of the short 

 stem. The leaves consist usually of five thin leaflets 1 to 3 inches long, with 

 sharp, irregular teeth. The small, purplish-brown flowers are produced in spring, 

 borne either singly or in clusters from terminal scaly buds. A characteristic 

 of this plant is the bright-yellow color and bitter taste of its bark and long roots. 



Part used. — The roots. In limited demand only. 



