— 86 — 



a turpentine oil which under the above conditions gives an iodine 

 number below 370, must always (according to Worst all) be looked 

 upon with suspicion. 



The same subject has occupied the attention of Harvey 1 ) who 

 assumed that it would be possible to detect adulterations of lemon 

 oil with oil of turpentine by determining the iodine number. In 

 theory, limonene should absorb 4 atoms halogen, pinene, however, 

 only 2 atoms; the calculated iodine numbers are 372 and 186 respec- 

 tively. In support of his view, Harvey quotes the iodine numbers 166, 

 198 and 221 of three American oils of turpentine; the first io°/ 

 of the distillates of six samples of lemon oil, however, gave iodine 

 numbers between 334 and 349. 



More detailed experiments made on account of the differences 

 existing between the iodine numbers of turpentine oil, led to the 

 result that the quantity of halogen absorbed by the turpentine oil 

 depends not only on the period of action and the excess the Wijs' 

 solution employed, but also on the character of the halogen present 

 in excess in that solution (whether I or CI in the mixture with I CI), 

 and that it is better to add the potassium iodide before diluting. 



In comparing the results obtained by these two authors, it is 

 clearly seen that in determining the iodine number of turpentine oil, 

 comparable values will only be obtained if the work is carried on 

 under the same conditions. 





Edward Kremers 2 ) reports on two essential oils which had been 

 obtained by dry distillation of pine roots rich in resin, and which 

 therefore may be designated as pine tar oils. Both samples originated 

 presumably from Georgia, and on the whole resembled in their prop- 

 erties ordinary pine tar oil; they were only somewhat lighter; d 0,856 

 and 0,860 respectively, after rectification (distillation of the oil shaken 

 with 5 per cent, soda liquor, with water vapour) 0,854; «d -f- I 3°4°'- 

 The oils boiled chiefly between 154 and 180 , and appear to consist 

 principally of pinene, and further of dipentene. 



Turpentine oil, which hitherto had been employed as an antidote 

 only in cases of phosphorus poisoning, has recently been used by 

 Allen 3 ) for horses with good result as an antidote against carbolic 

 acid; according to the same author, turpentine oil had also an excellent 

 counteracting effect in the case of a man who had taken carbolic 

 acid by mistake. 



x ) Journ. Soc. chem. Industry 23 (1904), 413. 

 2 ) Pharmaceut. Review 22 (1904), 150. 

 8 ) Apotheker Zeitung 19 (1904), 447. 



