— 57 — 



67% nacl distilled over; di 5 o 0,8685; « D — n°3'; acid number 1,4; 

 ester number 16,8 = 5,9% bornyl acetate; soluble in about 5,5 or 

 more vol. 90 per cent, alcohol. 



Oil from the needles of Abies alba. Yield o,56°/ ; diso 0,8852; 

 a D — 34° 55'; acid number 0,9; ester number 17,5 = 6,i°/ bornyl 

 acetate; soluble in about 6,5 and more vol. 90 per cent, alcohol. The 

 oil begins to boil at 162 ; up to 185 , 55% P asse d over. 



An oil from the needles of Abies alba, distilled from the same 

 material but cut up in coarse pieces, showed slight differences 

 which are probably due to a somewhat smaller content of sesquiterpene 

 as compared with the oil just described: — di.50 0,8845; a D — 35° 34'; 

 acid number 1,3; ester number 21,2 = 7,4% bomyl acetate; soluble 

 in about 5,5 and more vol. 90 per cent, alcohol. 



These oils from the needles of Abies alba, distilled by ourselves, 

 have a higher specific gravity than the distillates originating from 

 Switzerland and the Tyrol, in which it lies between 0,869 an< ^ °y^75- 

 But in the distillates produced in Upper and Lower Austria we have 

 always found higher specific gravities, up to 0,886, so that the origin 

 should be taken into account when judging the oils. 



Oil from Pinus laricio. Two distillates sent to us, said to be 

 derived from the needles of Pinus laricio Poiret, behaved as follows: 



a. di5oo,8646; a jy-\-8° 17'; ester number 2,9 = 1,0% bornyl acet- 

 ate; soluble in 8 to 9 and more vol. 90 per cent, alcohol. 



b. disc 0,8701; « r >-f'3°29 / ; ester number 9,8 = 3,4% bornyl acet- 

 ate; soluble in 8 vol. 90 per cent, alcohol. 



Both oils were colourless, and had a pleasant balsamic odour. 



Oil from Pinus maritima. E. Belloni 1 ) reports on his exam- 

 inations of the essential oil from the shoots of Pinus maritima Mill. 

 On distilling the fresh shoots gathered in the South of France, the 

 author obtained a yield of 0,681 °/ and when using dried shoots of 

 o,5i7°/ , of a bright-green essential oil possessing an aromatic taste 

 and characteristic pine needle odour. Belloni determined the follow- 

 ing constants: — 



A. Oil from fresh shoots : di 5 o 0,88 10, a D — 23°46', MD150 — 26,5 1 8°, 

 acid number o, ester number 7,9; saponification number 7,9, ester 2,77 °/ 

 (calculated for C 10 H 17 O • CO • CH 3 ), combined alcohol 2,13 °/ . 



B. Oil from dried shoots: di 5 oo,8963, « D — 20 15', Hdi5° — 22 >355°> 

 acid number 5,43, ester number 8,27, saponification number 13,7, ester 

 2,92% (calculated for C 10 H 17 • CO • CH 3 ); free alcohol n,9°/o; 

 combined alcohol 2,2 8°/ , total alcohol I4,i8°/ . 



1 ) According to reprint kindly sent us. "Sull' essenza di gemme di Pinus 

 maritima Mill." Milan 1905. Estr. dall' Annuario della Soc. Chim. di Milano 11 

 (1905). Comp. Chem. Centralbl. 1906, I. 360. 



