— 15 — 



to the share of France. There is no doubt that this figure does not re- 

 present the actual value of the consumption, for the leading druggists 

 and pharmacists in the large centres of Cairo and Alexandria generally 

 prepare their own Eau-de-Colognes and toilet-waters, mouth-washes, denti- 

 frices and scents, especially because by doing so they are able to supply 

 at much lower prices. Hairdressers, likewise, rarely use articles prepared 

 in Europe; they lay in their requirements for the most part from the native 

 druggists, or they prepare them themselves. The extremely low cost of 

 alcohol explains this practice, for it enables the natives to manufacture 

 the goods more cheaply than they could buy them ready-made. From 

 Britain the principal imports in this branch consist of Eau-de-Cologne, 

 cosmetics, hair-restorers and tooth-pastes. English perfumes, on account 

 of their costliness, are only used to a small extent, chiefly by Europeans 



1903 1904 1905 1906 , 1907 1908 1909 



Great Britain 4393 5022 4558 4946 4776 4984 6467 



Germany 8138 8622 6916 5919 7077 4949 4687 



Austria-Hungary.... 1508 2966 2261 2012 2918 1061 860 



Belgium 112 188 87 127 141 141 196 



China and Eastern Asia 402 — — — — — 24 



U. S. America 785 1 271 1 096 1 343 1 709 1 448 991 



France 19790 23073 21566 29452 33638 24179 25 059 



Greece 41 83 245 313 332 168 298 



Holland — — — 359 — — 



Italy 667 847 617 771 1421 792 941 



Russia — 44 21 — — — — 



Switzerland 13 19 — 17 — 36 54 



Turkey 2182 2642 2683 2635 3104 3158 2913 



Other co untries . . . . 15 — 52 — — — — 



Total: 38047 44777 40102 47894 55116 40916 42490 



and by natives of high rank. German perfumes were unknown in Egypt 

 25 years ago, but to-day Germany supplies one-tenth of the total imports. 

 The German manufacturers have not only appointed local agents, but they 

 work the whole country systematically by commercial travellers and thus 

 gradually increase their sales year by year. The high-water mark of 

 German imports, however, was reached in the years 1903 and 1904. From 

 Jhat time until 1909 it fell by 50°/o in favour of French preparations, which 

 Viave everywhere replaced the competing German articles. German goods 

 mostly go to the Arab consumers in the villages and towns; they consist 

 of attractive but cheap wares of all sorts and descriptions, but especially 

 of Eau-de-Cologne, lavender-water and preparations for the mouth and 

 teeth. The imports from the United States in the year 1892 reached a 

 value of over £2000; but this figure was not maintained and in 1909 the 



