— 35 — 



fixed the following values for orange oil, in the place of those given 

 by us in Gildemeister and Hoffmann's work "The Volatile Oils": 



Bitter orange oil: d 15 o 0,854 to 0,857; «D20° + 90 to +93 ; 

 a D of the first io°/ of the distillate higher than «d of the original 

 oil. Residue on evaporation 3 to 5%. 



Sweet orange oil: di 5 o 0,848 to 0,853; a D20°+95° to -j~9 8 °; 

 «p of the first io°/ of the distillate, not, or but little lower than « D 

 of the original oil; residue on evaporation 2 to 4%. 



The altered behaviour of the oil as compared with formerly is 

 possibly due to the fact that the selection of the fruit and the ex- 

 pression of the oil used to take place with less care than at present. 



Eucalyptus Oil. Nothing new can be reported on this subject. 

 Whilst Algeria comes now but little under consideration as a producing 

 country of fine oil of the Globulus species, Australia supplies abundant 

 quantities, which, however, are rapidly absorbed by the eucalyptol 

 manufacturers. The supply of oils containing phellandrene has also 

 been sufficient; more particularly, there appears to be no lack of oil 

 of Eucalyptus amygdaltna, which, in view of its low price, plays an 

 important part in the manufacture of cheap soaps. 



In his work on the useful plants of the Congo State, E. de Wilde- 

 man 1 ) also gives a monograph of the eucalypts and the useful pur- 

 poses to which they are applied, and we add to our numerous 

 notes on this species of plants as follows: Thanks to the far-reaching 

 investigations of Baron F. v. Miiller in Melbourne, the eucalypts have 

 been introduced in almost every part of the world. In Europe, the 

 first specimens appeared in the Botanical Garden of Naples at the 

 commencement of the 1 9 th century, but the importance of the eucalyptus 

 as a forest-tree was not recognised in Italy until towards the end of 

 the sixties of last century. In France, the eucalypts were introduced 

 in 1854, and the cultivation was gradually transferred from the Medi- 

 terranean regions to the frontier districts. At the same time the French 

 introduced the tree, and especially E. Globulus, into their North African 

 colonies, where at present very large plantations are in existence. 

 Since 1870 the cultivation of E. rostrata Schlecht. is carried on 

 intensely; the other species are found more in private garden 

 plantations, and are of only limited importance for the cultivation on 

 a large scale. In India the cultivation was commenced in 1863, and 

 the best results there are found in the Nilghiris. At the present time 

 Australia, India, Algeria, and some Mediterranean countries are the 



x ) E. deWildeman, Notices sur les plantes utiles ou interessantes de la Flore 

 du Congo. 1903, I. 175 — 221. 



3* 



