— 86 — 



when the oil also becomes viscid; d^o 1,025 to i j°40; the bulk of 

 the oil boils at about 250 ; the distillation-residue may amount to 

 at most io°/ ; soluble in every proportion in spiritus, and in 3 vol. 

 spiritus dilutus; the spirituous solution has an acid reaction; content 

 of cinnamic aldehyde 55 to 75%; nitric acid test; test for eugenol, 

 alcohol, and fatty oil. 



Clove Oil [Oleum caryophyllorum). When freshly prepared almost 

 colourless, subsequently yellowish, finally red-brown : d^o not below 1,05; 

 soluble in every proportion in spiritus and in 2 vol. spiritus dilutus; 

 identity reactions. 



Eugenol {Eugenolum). When freshly prepared almost colourless, 

 subsequently yellowish, finally red-brown; d 15 o 1,072 x ) to 1,074; b. p. 

 about 252 ; soluble in every proportion in spiritus, ether, and glacial 

 acetic acid, also in 2 vol. spiritus dilutus. Identity reactions, test for 

 phenol. 



1 ) Eugenol distilled in vacuo and absolutely free from water, is frequently 

 somewhat lighter; we have recently observed in our own preparations down to 1,0713. 



Fennel Oil (Oleum foeniculi). Almost colourless: d^o 0,965 to 

 0,980; a D -|- 12 to -\- 2 4 ; when cooling gradual solidification takes 

 place with separation of anethol; a fennel oil which does not separate 

 off at o° crystals dissolving again completely at -f- 5 , must be re- 

 jected *) ; forms a clear solution with an equal vol. spiritus ; on distil- 

 lation at least half the fennel oil must pass over between 225 and 240 . 



1 ) It would have been better if a definite solidification point had been sub- 

 stituted for these statements : this should not he below -f- 4°- B ut it must be taken 

 into consideration that solidification may have to be brought about by inoculation 

 with a small crystal of anethol, as fennel oil can occasionally be cooled down con- 

 siderabJy without solidifying; when the sol. p. is to be determined, the oil should 

 be cooled to -J- 2 or -|- 3 . 



Lavender Oil (Oleum lavandulae). Colourless or yellowish; 

 ^150 0,880 to 0,890*); soluble in every proportion in spiritus, also in 

 3 vol. spiritus dilutus 2 ); content of linalyl acetate at least 35%. 



*) The upper limit of value is 0,895. 



2 ) The solubility mentioned applies to an observation-temperature of 20°. 



Lemon Oil (Oleum citri). Yellowish; d 15 o 0,850 to 0,860 *); 

 a D20° H-5S to -f-°7° 2 ) : soluble in 6 vol. spiritus 3 ); if 5O°/ of the 

 lemon oil are distilled off, the distillate must have a higher rotation 

 than the original oil. 



*■) The spec, gravity of lemon oil fluctuates between 0,857 and 0,861. 



2 ) The highest permissible rotation is -f- 65 . 



3 ) The vegetable wax-like constituents contained in lemon oil generally prevent 

 from a clear solution. 



Mace Oil (Oleum macidis). Colourless or faintly yellowish; 

 di 5 o 0,900 to 0,920*); soluble in 3 vol. spiritus; on distillation at least 



