— 9 2 — 



Turpentine Oil. In our Report 1 ) we have already pointed out 

 how important it is, in determining the iodine number of turpentine 

 oil, to adhere strictly to the directions given, if comparable values 

 are to be obtained. This is again confirmed by A. Mc Gill 2 ), who 

 determined the iodine numbers of turpentine oil on the one hand 

 with Hubl's iodine solution, and on the other with H anus's solution, 

 varying the length of the reaction. Whilst the author, in using Hubl's 

 solution, found iodine numbers which corresponded with W or stairs 3 ) 

 results, the iodine numbers obtained with H anus's solution were 

 considerably lower. For this reason Mc Gill proposes to give preference 

 to Hubl's method for determining the iodine number, and he mentions 

 for pure turpentine oil, as lowest limits, the iodine no. 370 (if Hubl's 

 solution is employed), or 200 (where H anus's solution is used). The 

 commonly used adulterants lower the iodine number and also the 

 refractive index, which latter Mc Gill particularly recommends for the 

 purpose of judging turpentine oil. In the case of pure turpentine oils, 

 the index of refraction is about 1,47 at 20 C. According to the author 

 it is easy to distinguish pure turpentine oil from adulterated, if from 

 100 cc. oil 25 cc. are distilled off while the boiling temperature is 

 watched, and if the iodine number and refractive index of the distillate 

 are also determined. 



A. Tschirch 4 ) has jointly with H. Schulz submitted the turpentine 

 of Pinus halepensis, which is very largely used on the continent of 

 Greece for the production of the so-called resinate wine, to a thorough 

 investigation. 



As Professor Dambergis, of Athens, informed the authors, the 

 turpentine is produced in nearly all provinces of Greece. It is usual 

 either to make deep incisions in the trunks (according to the Austrian 

 method) through which the resin quickly flows away, or in the French 

 manner to cut rather shallow notches and place a wooden receptacle 

 below these, in which the balsam is collected. The crude resin is 

 employed in the manufacture of resinate wine; the waste products, 

 after emptying the wine barrels, are worked up into turpentine oil 

 and colophony. Now as the turpentine production has increased 

 largely in recent times, also the crude turpentine is partly worked up 

 directly into oil and colophony. Pinus halepensis in the only tree in 

 Greece which is used for the production of turpentine. The solubility 

 of the balsam in wine is naturally very slight ( 1 / 2 to i 1 ^ m 10 000), 

 but this quantity is quite sufficient to impart to the wine the peculiar 



*) Report October 1904, 85. 



2 ) Journ. Soc. chem. Industry 26 (1907), 847. 



3 ) Ibidem 23 (1904), 302. Report October 1904, 85. 



4 ) Arch, der Pharm. 245 (1907), 156. 





