MANUAL OF THE GRASSES OF THE UNITED STATES 



277 



Figure 371. — Loliumtemulentum, X Yi- (Leiberg771, 

 Oreg.) 



Nardus stricta L. Slender, tufted 

 perennial; sheaths crowded at the 

 base; blades slender, involute, rather 

 stiff; spike slender, 1-sided, 3 to 8 

 cm. long; spikelets 1-flowered; first 

 glume wanting; second glume minute; 

 lemma narrow, acuminate or short- 

 awned, scabrous. O — Introduced 

 in Newfoundland and Quebec, and 

 sparingly in dry open ground in New 

 Hampshire, New York, and Michigan ; 

 Europe, 



51. MONERMA Beauv. 



(Included in Lepturus R. Br. in Manual, 

 ed. 1) 



Spikelets 1-flowered, embedded in 

 the hard, cylindric articulate rachis 

 and falling attached to the joints; 

 first glume wanting except on the 

 terminal spikelet, the second glume 

 closing the cavity of the rachis and 

 flush with the surface, indurate, 

 nerved, acuminate, longer than the 

 joint of the rachis; lemma with its 

 back to the rachis, hyaline, shorter 

 than the glume, 3-nerved; palea a 

 little shorter than the lemma, hyaline. 



Low annual, with slender cylindric 

 spikes. Type species, M. monandra 

 Beauv. (M. cylindrica (Willd.) Coss. 

 and Dur.) Name from Greek monos, 



one, and erma, support, referring to 

 the single spike. 



Figure 372. — Lolium subulatum, X X A. (Sheldon, 

 Oreg.) 



1. Monerma cylindrica (Willd.) 

 Coss. and Dur. Thintail. (Fig. 373.) 

 Annual; culms bushy-branched, 

 spreading or prostrate, 10 to 30 cm. 

 tall; spike curved, narrowed upward; 

 glume 6 mm. long, acuminate; lemma 

 5 mm. long, pointed; rachis disartic- 

 ulating at maturity, the spikelets re- 

 maining attached to the joints. O 

 {Lepturus cylindricus Trin.) — Salt 

 marshes, San Francisco Bay, Calif., 

 south to San Diego and Santa Cata- 

 lina Island; introduced from the Old 

 World. 



52. PARAPHOLIS C. E. Hubb. 



(Included in Pholiurus Trin. in Manual, 

 ed. 1) 



Spikelets 1-or 2-flowered, embedded 

 in the cylindric articulate rachis and 

 falling attached to the joints; glumes 

 2, placed in front of the spikelet and 

 enclosing it, coriaceous, 5-nerved, 

 acute, asymmetric, appearing like 

 halves of a single split glume; lemma 

 with its back to the rachis, smaller 

 than the glumes, hyaline, 1 -nerved; 

 palea a little shorter than the lemma, 

 hyaline. Low annuals, with slender 

 cylindric spikes. Type species, P. in- 

 curva (L.) C. E. Hubb. Name from 

 Greek para, beside, and pholis, scale, 

 referring to the 2 glumes side by side. 



