552 



MISC. PUBLICATION 200, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Figure 797. — Phalaris 

 paradoxa. Plant, X 1; 

 sterile (A) and fertile 

 (B) spikelets, X 5. 

 (Heller 11391, Calif.) 



places, Washington to California and 

 Arizona; ballast, Philadelphia; intro- 

 duced from Mediterranean region. 



2. Phalaris canadensis L. Canary 

 grass. (Fig. 798.) Annual; culms 

 erect, 30 to 60 cm. tall; panicle ovate 

 to oblong-ovate, dense, 1.5 to 4 cm. 

 long; spikelets broad, imbricate, pale 

 with green stripes; glumes 7 to 8 mm. 

 long, abruptly pointed, the green keel 

 with a prominent pale wing, broad- 

 ened upward; fertile lemma 5 to 6 

 mm. long, acute, densely appressed- 

 pubescent; sterile lemmas at least 

 half as long as fertile. O — Waste 

 places, infrequent, Nova Scotia to 

 Alaska, south to Virginia, Kansas, 

 Wyoming, Arizona, and California, 

 and occasionally southward; intro- 

 duced from the western Mediterra- 

 nean region. This species furnishes 

 the canary seed of commerce. 



3. Phalaris brachystachys Link. 

 (Fig. 799.) Differing from P. canari- 

 ensis in having smaller spikelets, the 



glumes about 6 mm. long, the fertile 

 lemma 4 to 5 mm. long, and especial^ 

 in the short sterile lemmas not more 

 than 0.6 mm. long. O — Texas 

 (Asherton); California (Butte Coun- 

 ty); Oregon (ballast, near Portland); 

 introduced from the Mediterranean 

 region. 



4. Phalaris minor Retz. (Fig. 800.) 

 Resembling P. canariensis; panicle 

 ovate-oblong, 2 to 5 cm. long; spike- 

 lets narrower, not so conspicuously 

 striped; glumes 4 to 6 mm. long, the 

 wing of the keel narrower; fertile 

 lemma lance-ovate, about 3 mm. long, 

 acute; sterile lemma solitary, about 1 

 mm. long. © — Fields and waste 

 places, New Brunswick to New Jer- 

 sey, rare; Louisiana and Texas; Col- 

 orado; ballast, near Portland, Oreg. ; 

 Arizona; frequent in California; Mex- 

 ico; introduced from the Mediterra- 

 nean region. 



5. Phalaris caroliniana Walt. (Fig. 

 801.) Annual; culms erect, 30 to 60 



