SEKPHOID AXD CHALCIDOID PARASITES OF THE HESSIAN ELY 51 



and that those which he described were actually those of vesicularis, 

 but if so it is not apparent from his remarks. If males of vesicularis 

 really exist in Europe, it is difficult to explain why they seem to be 

 absentin North America. In the writer's opinion Ruschka's male 

 of vesicularis, Walker's male of Macroneura maculipes, and Thom- 

 son's male of atropurpureus are all atropurpureus. 



The male described by Ruschka for atropurpureus is distinguished 

 by him from the supposed male of vesicularis by the fact that the 

 tibiae are all yellow except for a brownish spot on the inner side of 

 the middle pair, while in vesicularis males the middle and hind 

 tibiae are broadly black apically. That this difference is probably 

 not specific is demonstrated by the fact that in one of the males 

 reared by Chamberlin there is only a faint infuscation of the tibiae 

 at apex, while in the other the middle and hind tibiae are distinctly 

 blackish apically. The male described as atropurpureus by Ruschka 

 is therefore believed to be merely a variant from the typical form. 



HOSTS AXD LIFE HISTOEY 



The hosts of Eupelmus atropurpureus have already been enumer- 

 ated in the historical sketch of the species. Like E. allynii, it is evi- 

 dently polyphagous, attacking many different species and at times, 

 at least, acting as a secondary parasite. 



DISTBIBUTION 



Eupelmus atropurpureus is evidently widely distributed in Eu- 

 rope, having been recorded from Sweden by Dalman, from France 

 by Marchal, from Russia by Rimsky-Korsakov, from Spain, Russia, 

 Germany, and Austria by Ruschka, and from Italy by Chamberlin. 

 It is not known to occur in North America. 



EUPELMUS KARSCHII Lindeman 



Eupelmus karschU Lindeman. Bui. Soc. Imp. Xat. Moscou (2) 1: 187, 1887; 

 Enock, Entomologist 21:203, 1888: Riley. U-S.Dept.Agr., Div. Ent.. Insect 

 Life 1 : 132, 1888 ; Meyer, Bpt. Appl. Ent. Leningrad 4 : 241, 1929. 



No specimens of Eupelmus karschii have been seen by the writer. 

 It was originally described as a parasite of the hessian fly in Russia 

 and was subsequently identified by Riley among specimens reared 

 from the fly in England, but so far as known no one has again reared 

 it. Ruschka 9 synonvmized karschii with Eupelmella vesicularis 

 (Retzius) apparently on the basis of Lindeman's short description. In 

 the opinion of the writer the description does not apply to vesicularis. 

 Lindeman's description contains the statement that the legs are yel- 

 low, the femora at apex, the tibiae at apex, and the last tarsal joint 

 black; in the female the fore legs are entirely yellow. This state- 

 ment clearly indicates that Lindeman had both sexes of this species, 

 a fact that Ruschka apparently overlooked when he stated that 

 Lindeman described the male of vesicularis as Eupelmus karschii and 

 the female as Euryscapus saltator. Since Lindeman placed the fe- 

 male of vesicularis {= Euryscapus saltator) in a different genus from 

 that in which he placed the female of karschii, it is to be presumed 



9 Ruschka. Verhandl. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien 70 : 302, 1920. 



