SEKPHOID AND CHALCIDOlD PAKASITES OF THE HESSIAN FLY 119 



sented the same species was also established beyond question by the 

 similarity of both sexes to what was then being called Gyrtogaster 

 liqueatus Ashmead in North America, the two sexes of which had 

 been associated by numerous breeding records. These conclusions 

 were communicated to Waterston with the further statement that 

 the only apparent differences between fuscicornis and liqueatus were 

 that in fuscicornis the hind margin of the first tergite beyond the 

 petiole was entire and the femora were strongly infuscated, whereas 

 in liqueatus the hind margin of the first tergite showed a very slight 

 emargination at the middle, and the femora were not so dark. In 

 regard to the question of the proper generic placement of the species, 

 it was pointed out that the type of the genus Dicyclus was D. aeneus 

 Walker, and Waterston was advised to examine that species. This 

 he did and later wrote that he was not sure that aeneus and fusci- 

 cornis were specifically distinct. At this point the matter was tem- 

 porarily dropped, but in 1927 the writer was privileged to examine 

 the type of aeneus, a female in the British collection at the British 

 Museum, and concluded that it was the same species as fuscicornis. 



Although the identity of the American liqueatus with aeneus was 

 already suspected, some doubt still existed because of the apparent 

 slight differences already pointed out. A careful examination of all 

 the numerous specimens of this species in the United States National 

 Museum has now shown that the very slight notch or emargination 

 at the apex of the first tergite is absent about as frequently as it is 

 present, while the color of the femora is to a considerable extent 

 variable, frequently testaceous, but more often distinctly fuscous. 

 The agreement with the detailed description and figures of fusci- 

 cornis by Imms leaves no doubt that liqueatus is identical with fusci- 

 cornis, which, as already pointed out, is believed to be the same as 

 aeneus. The types of Cyrtogaster occidentalis Ashmead, C . citripes 

 Ashmead, Polycyrtus floridanws Ashmead, and Polycystus foersteri 

 Crawford have been studied and found to be the same as liqueatus, 

 as stated by Girault, and therefore synonyms of aeneus. 



Imms placed fuscicornis in the genus Halticoptera and in so 

 doing pointed out certain alleged differences between this genus and 

 Dicyclus Walker. These alleged differences are as follows: (1) In 

 Halticoptera the marginal vein is longer than the stigmal, whereas 

 in Dicyclus it is usually shorter than or, at most, equal in length 

 to the stigmal vein; (2) in males of Halticoptera the two distal 

 joints of the maxillary palpi are greatly inflated so that together 

 they form a spheroid vesicle, whereas in Dicyclus they are unmodi- 

 fied as in the females of both genera. These supposed differences 

 are believed to have been taken from the literature rather than based 

 upon actual study of the genotype species, since they are essentially 

 the same characters as those used by Ashmead to distinguish these 

 two genera. Since the species aeneus Walker is, as already stated, 

 the type species of Dicyclus, and since fuscicornis Walker is believed 

 to be the same species, it is apparent that if this species belongs in 

 Halticoptera then Dicyclus must be considered a synonym of that 

 genus. 



The writer has not seen the actual type species of Halticoptera, 

 viz (Diplolepis) Halticoptera flavicornis (Spinola), but has examined 

 specimens of H. smaragdina (Curtis), a species believed to be very 



