12 MISC. PUBLICATION 162, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
The hardwood forest region has a large variety of hardwood species. 
The northern portion of the region contains white, black, northern red, 
scarlet, bur, chestnut, and chinquapin oaks; - shagbark, whiteheart, pig- 
nut, and bitternut hickories ; white, blue, oreen, and red ashes; Ameri- 
‘an, rock, and slippery elms; ‘ved and silver maples; beech ; - pitch, short- 
leaf, and Virginia pines; yellow- poplar; sycamore; chestnut; black 
walnut; : cottonwood ; ; hackberry : ; black cherry ; basswood : : buckeye; ; and 
redcedar. The species of the southern portion include white, post, 
southern red, blackjack, chestnut, swamp chestnut, and pin oaks; red 
and black gums; whiteheart, pignut, and southern shagbark hickories ; 
-shortleaf and Virgin: 1a pines; white, blue, and red ashes; yellow-poplar ; 
black locust; elms; sycamore; black walnut; silver and red maples; 
beech; buckeye; dogwood; persimmon; cottonwoods and willows; red- 
cedar and Osage-orange. The Texas portion includes post, southern 
red, and blackjack oaks; and mountain and other cedars. 
F -227353 
FicurE 7.—A stand of mixed hardwoods in the central hardwood region (Illinois). 
SOUTHERN ForEST REGION 
South of the hardwood region hes the southern forest, extending 
through all of the South Atlantic and Gulf States from eastern Texas 
to the southeast corner of Virginia, and including all of Florida except . 
the southern tip. It takes in the southern and eastern parts of Arkan- 
sas and the extreme southeastern corner of Missouri. It is composed 
mostly of pinelands and alluvial bottoms and swamps. 
Most important in the southern forest are its pinelands, where grow 
the feur pines for which the South is famous—longleaf, slash, short- 
leaf, and loblolly (fig. 8). Lumber from these pines is all marketed 
as southern yellow pine, which since the decline of the white pine 
