RASPBERRIES 57 
similar protection. In spring, as growths appear, 
transfer the young plants to a well-chosen spot where, in 
rich deep soil, they will make one good cane the same 
season. 
Those who care to raise seedling raspberries must be 
prepared for considerable disappointment, even though 
the parents may have been suitably selected. “The seed- 
lings will show a large amount of variation, the great 
majority will be a long way inferior to the parents both 
in habit and fruitfulness, a few may possibly be as good, 
and perchance one or two may be distinct or superior. 
A good start is always desirable, and to secure this, not 
only should good parents be selected, but the seed bear- 
ing plant should be robust and fruitful, and the berries 
from which seed is saved ought to be of the finest. 
The seeds are easily separated from the pulp by washing 
with warm water, or by rubbing the berries in fine dry 
sand, sifting out the seeds. A sowing may be made in 
autumn on light rich soil in a sheltered spot, but a 
better method is to sow early in February in broad and 
deep pans, over a gentle hot-bed. When about three 
inches high prick out the seedlings in a rich made-up 
bed, in a frame or pit where gentle heat can be afforded, 
but where also air may be supplied abundantly. A 
generous treatment is essential, though coddling must be 
avoided. As the season advances commence a process of 
‘‘ hardening off” by giving more air and reducing the 
supply of artificial heat, so that by the middle or end of 
May the young plants may be transferred to thoroughly 
prepared ground, in rows, where they are to fruit. If 
many seedlings are raised the rows may be closer 
together than for permanent plantations. Under favour- 
able conditions the seedlings will make good canes the 
same season as raised, and if these have their points 
removed in spring they should fruit fairly well the 
second summer. If the canes are poor, it is much the 
