RASPBERRIES 69 
the tips of growing shoots during May and June, or 
even as late as July, and from these the larve are 
hatched out in a few days. These commence at once 
to feed upon the leaves, but they soon-enter the soil 
and hibernate until the following March. They then 
creep up the raspberry canes, entering and feeding upon 
the contents of each bud as they ascend, until, when 
full fed, they assume the chrysalis stage either in a 
hollowed bud or in a cocoon spun among the leaves. 
In about fifteen or seventeen days the moth emerges. 
Handpicking, removal and burning of affected canes, 
and the removal of rubbish and loose surface soil from 
round the stools during winter are the principal 
remedies. Other names for this pest are Red Bud 
Moth, Red Bud Caterpillar, and Raspberry Stem Bud 
Moth. 
RaspBERRY Lear Miner.—I have seen a large planta- 
tion severely damaged by this pest (Poenusa pumila) which 
works on the same lines as the Celery Fly. In August 
the perfect, winged insects, which are of a dull black 
hue with lighter legs, appear. Some live through the 
winter, and these deposit eggs just under the leaf cuticle. 
When hatched, the larve eat the soft cellular tissue and 
leave in their track an excavated blistered area. Dusting 
the leaves with soot or spraying with weak paraffin 
emulsion early in spring will prevent the deposition of 
eggs but after the attack has been made the larve 
should be squeezed to death between thumb and finger, 
or the affected parts be removed and burned. 
Raspperry Mire.—Fortunately the Raspberry Mite 
(Phytoptus rubt) is by no means so general a pest as its 
relative the Black Currant Mite. It works however on 
similar lines and though microscopic itself, its effects are 
seen in swollen buds. Removal of all such big buds, 
and, in the case of a wholesale infestation, completely 
cutting down the stems, and consigning the whole 
