100 Report of Schimmel § Co. April 1913. 



tinued long at the time for the reason that, especially with oxidised turpentine oil, 

 they repeatedly resulted in explosions. 



In 60 grams French turpentine oil (di 5 o 0,9890; « D — 29° 46') which had been oxi- 

 dised for 50 days by passing-in air, we dissolved 1,5 grams of white phosphorus by 

 heating on the water-bath, after which the closed vessel was left standing for some 

 time in a cool place. During this time traces of luminous crystals were deposited, 

 which began to resinify as soon as the substance was filtered off. On subsequent 

 cooling no further crystallisation and no formation of a film took place. 



When the above experiment was repeated with 80 grams oil and 2 grams white 

 phosphorus in a round flask with a rising tube, the entire mass exploded after being 

 vigorously shaken. 



In 100 grams of the fractions of French turpentine oil which boil between 160 

 and 163° (di 5 o 0,8683; « D — 31° 15') we dissolved 3 grams white phosphorus at 60° in 

 a water-bath. Overnight a somewhat soft, colourless mass had separated out in the 

 form of a film on the surface of the liquid. When treated with light petroleum this 

 mass became tolerably dry, but when left exposed to the air it soon commenced to 

 resinify again and finally it became entirely liquid. The wax-like mass, when placed 

 on porous tiles, had an odour somewhat like garlic and an inconstant m. p. of from 

 82 to 85°. It keeps fairly well for some time in tubes filled with carbon dioxide. 

 When left standing a solid body again separated out from the filtered liquid. This 

 body was incapable of recrystallisation. It is sparingly soluble in water, ether, and 

 light petroleum, but dissolves readily in acetone and chloroform. When dissolved in 

 soda-liquor it again separates out on addition of hydrochloric acid. We did not ana- 

 lyse the substance. 



Vezes and M me Pariselle 1 ) divide the numerous substitutes of turpentine oil into 

 two classes. The first contains the substitutes which are allied to so-called "white 

 spirit"; to the second belong those products which are obtained from tarry wood by 

 dry distillation, extraction, distillation with superheated steam, or by any other method. 

 The authors give detailed physical data, which we are unable to reproduce here. 



By the aid of a thermoturpentinometer constructed by Tortelli 2 ), R. Massy 3 ) has 

 made careful experiments in the detection of petroleum in French turpentine oil 4 ) (from 

 Pinus Pinaster, Sol.). The method is based upon measuring the rise in temperature 

 which ensues when sulphuric acid (d 15 o 1,722) is added to the sample of turpentine oil 

 under examination, under stirring. This difference in temperature is called "thermotur- 

 pentine degree", and according to Tortelli it should amount to from 100 to 105° in 

 the case of turpentine oils of good quality, using 10 cc. each of sulphuric acid and 

 turpentine oil. Contrary to Tortelli's practice, Massy does not make the test with the 

 crude oil, but with a fraction of the oil. From 25 cc. he distils off 20 cc. with which 

 he carries out the test. Massy found the thermoturpentine degrees of 15 samples of 

 French turpentine oil of good quality to range from 96,2 to 100,6°. The addition of 

 burning oil (lamp oil), rectified mineral oil, white spirit, carbon tetrachloride, and 

 benzene reduce the thermoturpentine degree, whereas if colophony or heavy mineral 



x ) Sur Us succe'danes de Vessence de teribenthine. Extrait des Proces-Verbaux des stances de la Socie'te'des Sciences 

 physiques et natu relies de Bordeaux (seance du 20. VI. 1912). From a copy kindly sent to us. — 2 ) Revue de 

 Chim. industrielle 23 (1912), 203. (On the construction of the apparatus see Boll. Chim. Farm. 43, 193; 

 Chem. Zentralbl. 1904, I. 1424). — 8 ) Joi/rn. de Pharm. et Chim. VII. 6 (1912), 484. — *) Similar experiments 

 by R. Marcille were discussed in our last Report, p. 108. 



