248 A HAND BOOK OF THE MANAGEMENT OF ANIMALS 



above that a black bar ; bill much curved, its anterior part yellowish- 

 white, rest greyish-black ; casque is low and compressed, anteriorly it 

 forms an acute angle with the culmen, then slants forward and upward 

 to a very sharp point ; total length about 20 inches, iris red-brown ; 

 feet plumbeous. 



Hab. — Found in the drier parts of India, but does not extend east of 

 Western Bengal. Specimens are now and then brought to the Calcutta 

 market from Midnapore, Hazaribagh, and Monghyr. 



Length of life in captivity. 



No record has been kept of the actual period during which any of 

 them lived in the garden. 



(147) THE RUFOUS-NECKED HORNBILL. 

 (ACEROS NEPALENSIS— {Hodgs.) ) 



Description. — Head, which is slightly crested behind, neck, and 

 lower parts generally, black with a green gloss; most of the primaries 

 broadly tipped with white ; the terminal half of the tail white, the rest 

 black ; bill yellow; no casque ; the base of the culmen slightly raised ; 

 the sides of the upper bill ridged at the base; the grooves of the ridges 

 chestnut brown ; the naked skin around the eye and at the base of the 

 bill, light blue ; the naked sac of the neck, red, lined with blue ; total 

 length about 3 feet. The sexes differ; the female being entirely dingy- 

 black glossed with green ; the tips of the primaries and the ends of 

 the tail feathers of the same colour as in the male. A pair of young 

 birds were recently on exhibition in the garden ; neither of them had 

 any blue lining to the red sac of the neck. 



Bab. — South-East Himalayas; the hill ranges of Assam and 

 Manipur ; Tenasserim. 



Length of life in captivity. 

 Slightly over six years. 



(148) THE WREATHED HORNBILL. 

 (EHYTIDOCEEOS UNDULATUS— (Shaw.) ) 



Description. — Top of head, crown, and occiput dark brown ; sides 

 of the head yellowish white (colour varies somewhat in different speci- 

 mens) ; lower neck and breast white; the rest of the plumage black, 

 with greenish reflexions ; tail white ; bill buffy- white ; the base of the 

 culmen roughened with the presence of several transverse scaly grooves, 

 base of maxilla and mandible grooved, and of a brown colour in the 

 former, and reddish-brown in the latter; bare skin around the eye 

 pinkish, that of the throat, forming a miniature sac, yellow, with a 

 conspicuous lining of dark blue on its lower part; total length about 

 28 inches; in the female the naked skin of the throat blue. 



