1883.] 439 LHaynea. 



counter between the Pilgrims and Indians, in which we are 

 told that the former " took up eighteen of their arrows which 

 we have sent to England by Master Jones ; some were headed 

 with brass, others with hart's horn, and others with eagle's 

 claws ; " * or Wood's statement that " their arrows were headed 

 with brass in shape of a heart or triangle ; " 2 or Higginson's, 

 '* For their weapons they have bows and arrows; some of them 

 headed with bone, and some with brass " 3 — , who would receive 

 the impression that the Indian arrow-heads were commonly made 

 of stone ? Yet archaeology points for her proof to the tens of 

 thousands of such objects which are found all over our country, 

 made of a great variety of stone, and some of them of exquisite 

 workmanship ; while of brass arrow-heads a few only have been 

 discovered in graves, as at Revere beach ; of course all of these 

 must have been made since the coming of the white man. 4 In- 

 deed in Underbill's " History of thePequod War " we are told that 

 a Dutch trader was prevented from bartering with the Pequods on 

 the ground that they were to be supplied in part with " kettles 

 or the like, which make them arrow-heads ; " 5 and Sir Ferdinando 

 Gorges had previously complained about " disorderly persons " 

 who sold the savages " arrow-heads and other arms." 6 In later 

 times they seem to have substituted arrow-heads made of metal 

 for those of stone. 



To return from this digression, in addition to clam-shells, bones 

 and wooden spades and hoes, we are informed by another writer 

 that the Indians made use of implements of agriculture made of a 

 still different material. Adair, speaking of the Catawbas, says 

 that one of their corn-fields was seven miles in extent ; and he 

 argues that the tribe must have been " a numerous people to cul- 

 tivate so much land with their dull stone axes." 7 



1 Mourt's Relation, p. 158. 



2 New England's Prospect, chap, xn (p. 101). 



8 New England's Plantation (Young's Chronicles of Massachusetts), p. 257. 



4 Reports of the Peabody Museum, vol. n, p. 732. Reports of the Long Island Hist. 

 Soc. (1878-1881), p. 40. Jones' Antiquities of the Southern Indians, p. 251. Abbott's 

 Primitive Industry, p. 240. 



5 Coll. of Mass. Hist. Soc. 3d ser., vol. vi, p. 17. 



6 Description of New England, Id. ib. p. 70. 



7 History of the American Indians, p. 225. 



