Shaler.] 40 [February 6, 



of a sharp ridge having a height of from ten to seventy feet and a 

 slope of sides of from twenty to thirty degrees of declivity. The 

 ridge is sharp crested and generally free from boulders on the 

 surface. Its interior is imperfectly exposed, but it is evident 

 that it is generally obscurely and irregularly stratified with the 

 cross-bedding that is so frequently found in Karnes. 



In about nineteen-twentieths of the distance traversed by this 

 Kame its outlines are as distinct as an ordinary railway embank- 

 ment or an old earthwork fortification would be. There are in the 

 seven miles of its length about six points where it is distinctly 

 interrupted by breaches of no great breadth ; at one of these points 

 it appears to have been cut away by the Chesterton brook, at the 

 other points the ridge seems to have been interrupted in its for- 

 mation. None of these breaks, except that formed by the Ches- 

 terton brook, are more than three or four hundred feet in length. 

 Wherever the ridge of the main Kame deposit becomes smaller 

 or is wanting, we find that other deposits of a similar nature 

 come in upon its sides, though sometimes separated from the 

 main Kame by a valley some hundred feet in width. 



Throughout the length of the Kame there is more or less 

 morainal matter of a similar nature near the sides of the valley, 

 at some points this stratified material is ordinary terrace drift ; 

 again it takes on the character of low hillocks with kettle-like 

 depressions on their flanks and at their bases, such as are usually 

 found along the New England shore. These lateral deposits are 

 most extensive along the southern flank of the Kame ridge. The 

 total amount of drift matter on these lateral deposits is several 

 times as great as that in the central ridge, but they have nothing 

 like the continuity that gives the central Kame its peculiar aspect. 



In following the Chesterton Kame to the southward it rises 

 with the floor of the valley and as a whole increases in magnitude 

 until its base attains an elevation of about two hundred feet above 

 the northermost point where it appears. When it nears the eleva- 

 tion of the col that forms the head of the valley it rapidly 

 becomes reduced in height and the materials are in the main 

 much coarser. 



When we arrive within a few hundred feet of the col, and 

 ten or twenty feet below its base, the Kame is reduced to a low 

 irregular ridge of large pebbles, its height not exceeding five 



