1886.| 329 [Crosby and Barton. 



character of the dikes, and are not readily distinguished at all 

 points. It is very clear, however, that, as ridges I, IT, VI and VII 

 owe their existence to the superior resistance which the quartzite 

 conglomerate offers to the agents of erosion, so ridges III, IV and 

 V are due to the fact that the enclosing slate has been largely 

 worn away, leaving the edges of the dikes protruding in jagged, 

 blade-like crests. The slate belts are from one hundred to three 

 hundred feet in width, forming the floors of the valleys and the 

 slopes of the ridges in the more protected places, and the total 

 breadth of slate and trap, from the conglomerate on the west to that 

 on the east, is about 1200 feet. 



On the south, the dikes, like the ridges, are cut off abruptly by 

 the waste of sand separating Paradise from the sea. Toward the 

 north, the ridges gradually descend, and die out at a distance of 

 from a mile to a mile and a half, the dikes continuing until lost be- 

 neath the drift, and probably much farther. 



Having shown that the massive crystalline rock is eruptive, of 

 course no faults are required to explain its relations to the enclos- 

 ing carboniferous strata, and the Paradise section is greatly sim- 

 plified. Advancing from the west we find that the normal anticline 

 of Easton's Point is followed by a nearly normal syncline in the 

 high conglomerate ridges I and II. The slate that passes below 

 this syncline on the west reappears near the base of ridge III on 

 the east and — omitting the dikes with their salient outcrops, ridges 

 III, IV and V — forms the floor of a broad level valley, extending 

 with a nearly constant westerly dip to the base of ridge VI (Hang- 

 ing Rocks), where it apparently overlies the conglomerate ; but re- 

 appears from beneath the conglomerate with the same westerly 

 dip on the east side of ridge VII. Since we are obliged to regard 

 the conglomerate on the east and west of Paradise as the same, 

 the conclusion cannot be resisted that the broad area of slate be- 

 tween ridges II and VI forms a closed and somewhat overturned 

 anticline, while the conglomerate of the Hanging Rocks and ridge 

 VII forms a similar closed and unsymmetrical syncline, the slate 

 passing beneath it and reappearing on the east. 



In other words, it is clear that, regarding only the stratified 

 rocks, Paradise would consist of two. high and complete synclines 

 of conglomerate and slate — an open s} T ncline on the west and a 

 closed and inverted syncline on the east — with a broad, inverted 

 anticlinal valley or floor of slate between. Then we have simply 



