1919] BARRETT AND HAWKES, KRATZ CREEK MOUNDS. 37 



here as a foundation upon which to deposit the cache of bundle 

 re-burials. Thus, beginning at the bottom with an excavation 

 extending a little over three feet below the surface of the land on 

 the up hill side of the mound, this base was constructed of these 

 sacrificial earths so as to bring the level up to approximately that 

 of the natural surface on the down hill side, or about 16.5 feet above 

 the mean lake level. Upon this carefully prepared base as a resting- 

 place the large mass of bundle re-burials, containing forty-five 

 skeletons was placed. These disarticulated skeletons were care- 

 fully wrapped in bundles containing, as a rule, from two to four 

 individuals. No care was taken 'in packing the bones in these 

 bundles, but those of the various individuals in a bundle were simply 

 jumbled together. Apparently each one of these bundles was care- 

 fully wrapped in some covering, such as matting, textiles or skins. 

 Most of them were placed lengthwise, north and south. They 

 formed a layer whose extreme dimensions were 10.2 feet north 

 and south, by 5 feet east and west, and whose thickness averaged 

 about one foot. The size and position in the mound of this burial 

 is shown in text figure 2, while the vertical section shown in plate 

 III gives its relation to the strata of the mound. 



Surrounding the bundle re-burials and with it forming a strat- 

 um extending nearly to the limits of the excavation was a gray- 

 ish-black mixture of charcoal, ashes and earth. This may have 

 been in part the result of ceremonial fires built around the burial 

 after it was in place but much of it was probably brought in from 

 other sources and deposited here. That no considerable fire was 

 built about this burial is shown by the condition of the bones. In 

 fact the only charred bones taken from this spot came from its 

 lower part and near the center. They appear to have been burned 

 before their deposition here. 



Surmounting this stratum which contained the burial and resting 

 almost upon it was another layer varying from six inches to a foot 

 in thickness which was composed of almost jet black material show- 

 ing much disintegrated charcoal, the remains evidently of a large 

 ceremonial fire. 



The bottom of this was somewhat mixed with sand, which 

 must have been spread over the bundles in a layer sufficiently thick 

 to protect them from the action of the fire. 



Then came in order two layers each of yellow, sacred sand 

 and fire remains. Each was fairly thin and the whole was sur- 



