1919] BARRETT AND HAWKES, KRATZ CREEK MOUNDS. 55 



sition of cultures, and in No. 5 where they meet, we have actual 

 superposition of the representative of one culture upon that of the 

 other, which clinches the argument as to the relative antiquity of 

 the two lines of mound. This proves conclusively that in mounds 

 as well as in village sites we may have actual superposition of 

 cultures and remains. 



Mound No. 5 lay in line with the larger effigies and the big 

 conical, No. 1, of the second line of mounds and bore E 12° 30' S. 

 The superimposed panther form was 197 feet long. The body was 

 short in proportion to the tail, being only 35 feet long and 20 feet 

 wide. Where the tail joined the body it appeared to curve away 

 from the adjoining small conical, No. 7. This latter mound con- 

 tained an animal sacrifice, which may have been the reason for 

 avoiding it. The legs of the panther body were 16 feet long. The 

 front leg was 13 feet wide and the hind leg 10 feet wide. Both have 

 the peculiar rounded shape characteristic of the mounds of this 

 group. The absolute elevation of this mound above mean lake level 

 was 21.68 feet, and the elevation above the surrounding ground was 

 3.48 feet. 



The following measurements of the bear figure show the great 

 difference in size between it and the superimposed panther. The 

 length was only 37 feet and the width 19 feet. The legs were 10 feet 

 long and 6 feet wide. The form of the body of the bear appeared 

 to influence the shape of the later panther, which was evidently 

 modelled after it. (See figure 9). 



The peculiar story of the construction of this double mound may 

 be easily read in the cross-section shown in plate VIII. The orig- 

 inal bear was built up from an intaglio excavation, with alternate 

 layers of red and golden sands. At the top was placed a stratum 

 of light gray, mottled sand. Above this appears the loam from leaf 

 and grass mold that naturally accumulated over it. This deposit 

 must have required a considerable period of time. 



Later another people, or possibly the descendants of the builders 

 of the bear, dug into the mound till they reached the golden stratum 

 next below the bottom of the intaglio of the bear, or about a foot 

 and a half deeper than the original excavation. Here they de- 

 posited a burial in the pit thus formed. This excavation they 

 filled with the light grey mottled sand, interspersed with layers 

 of brown earth probably representing unburned offerings. The 



